Freethought & Rationalism Archive

Roger Pearse · 06-26-2007, 01:44 AM

I was wondering what possible sources we have for the text of the TF.

Greek: Josephus, Antiquities mss
Greek: Josephus, Jewish War (some mss)
Greek: Eusebius, HE
Latin: Hegesippus
Latin: Jerome De viris illustribus
Syriac: tr. of Eusebius HE
Syriac: tr. of Eusebius Theophania.
Syriac: Michael the Syrian
Arabic: Agapius
Armenian: tr. of Eusebius HE
Old Slavonic: Three captures of Jerusalem (Josephus)

There must be more. Anyone?

I'm not convinced that we know what all the versions say. Is there a Georgian version? There was a Coptic version of Eusebius HE, I believe; I don't know if it is extant.

All the best,

Roger Pearse

S.C.Carlson · 06-26-2007, 08:05 AM

There's also a Latin version in Rufinus's translation of Eusebius.

S.C.Carlson · 06-26-2007, 08:22 AM

I've got a list of various Greek witnesses to the Testimonium:

1. Flavius Josephus, Antiquitates Judaicae 18.63-64. {0526.001} (A.D. 1)

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63 Γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ᾿Ιησοῦς σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴγε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων, καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ᾿Ιουδαίους, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο· ὁ χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν. 64 καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες· ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια εἰρηκότων. εἰς ἔτι τε νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένον οὐκ ἐπέλιπε τὸ φῦλον.

2. Eusebius, Historia ecclesiastica 1.11.7-8. {2018.002} (A.D. 4)

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7 ταῦτα περὶ τοῦ ᾿Ιωάννου διελθὼν, καὶ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν τοῦ συγγράμματος ἱστορίαν ὧδέ πως μέμνηται· «γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ᾿Ιησοῦς, σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴ γε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή. ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων, καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν, 8 καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες· ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια εἰρηκότων. εἰς ἔτι τε νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλιπε τὸ φῦλον.»

3. Eusebius, Demonstratio evangelica 3.5.104-106. {2018.005} (A.D. 4)

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104 … Οὐδὲν δὲ <κωλύει> οἷον ἐκ περιουσίας καὶ τῷ ἐξ ῾Εβραίων ᾿Ιωσήπῳ μάρτυρι χρήσασθαι, ὃς ἐν τῷ ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῳ τῆς ᾿Ιουδαϊκῆς ᾿Αρχαιολογίας τὰ κατὰ τοὺς πιλάτου χρόνους ἱστορῶν μέμνηται τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἐν τούτοις· 105 «Γίνεται δὲ κατ’ ἐκεῖνον τὸν χρόνον ᾿Ιησοῦς, σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴ γε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή. ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τἀληθῆ σεβομένων. καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν τοῦ ᾿Ιουδαϊκοῦ, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ × τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν· καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν × παρ’ ἡμῖν ἀρχόντων σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες. 106 ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην × ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ × εἰρηκότων. ὅθεν εἰσέτι × νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦδε τῶν Χριστιανῶν × οὐκ ἐπέλ[ε]ιπεν τὸ φῦλον. »

4. Gregorius Nyssenus, Liber de cognitione dei. 130:272/35-49 {2017.077} (A.D. 4)

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Φησὶ δὲ καὶ ὁ ῾Εβραῖος ᾿Ιώσηπος κατὰ τὸν ὀκτωκαιδέκατον τόμον τῆς ᾿Αρχαιολογίας αὐτοῦ· Γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ᾿Ιησοῦς σοφὸς ἄνθρωπος, εἴπερ ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή. ῏Ην γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητὴς, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἑλληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ῾Ο Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν, καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν καθήλωσαν ᾿Ιουδαῖοι σταυρῷ, ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου. Οὐκ ἐξεπαύσαντο δὲ οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες τὰ αὐτοῦ καταγγέλλειν. ᾿Εφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια εἰρηκότων.

5. Isidorus, Epistulae 1259/13-24 {2741.001} (A.D. 5).

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Τί οὖν φησι; «Γίγνεται δὲ κατ’ ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρὸν ᾿Ιησοῦς, σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴ γε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή. ῏Ην γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων· καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ᾿Ιουδαίους, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ῾Ο Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν, καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες. ᾿Εφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε περὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἄλλα μυρία θαυμάσια εἰρηκότων. Εἰς δὲ τὸ νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλιπε τὸ φῦλον.»

6. Scripta Anonyma Adversus Judaeos, Anonymus dialogus cum Judaeis 10/347-59. {3186.001} (A.D. 5-6).

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πος γὰρ εἷς τῶν παρ’ αὐτοῖς ἐπισήμων ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ—οἶδα δὲ ὅτι ὡς τῇ ἀληθείᾳ μαρτυρήσαντα, μισοῦσι τὸν ἄνθρωπον—ἐν ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῳ λόγῳ τῆς ᾿Ιουδαϊκῆς ᾿Αρχαιολογίας ῥητῶς τὲ θεότητι καὶ τῷ σταυρῷ καὶ τῇ ἀναστάσει τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν μεμαρτύρηκε. Φησὶ γάρ· Γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ᾿Ιησοῦς σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴ γε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τ’ ἀληθῆ δεχομένων· καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ᾿Ιουδαίους, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ προσηγάγετο· ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν· καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες· ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτα * καὶ ἄλλα μυρία θαυμάσια περὶ αὐτοῦ εἰρηκότων· εἴς τε νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλιπε τὸ φύλον.

7. Oecumenius, Commentarius in Apocalypsin. 88/8-20 {2866.001} (A.D. 6)

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καὶ ὁ ᾿Ιώσηππος ᾿Ιουδαῖος ἀνὴρ καὶ ὑπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας βιαζόμενος, καὶ γράφων περὶ αὐτοῦ ἐν βίβλῳ ᾿Ισραὴλ ᾿Αρχαιολογίας τάδε· γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον᾿Ιησοῦς, σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴγε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τ’ ἀληθῆ λεγομένων· καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ᾿Ιουδαίους, πολλοὺς δὲ ἐκ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ προσηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν. καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν, σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες· ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτα καὶ ἄλλα θαύματα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ εἰρηκότων. εἰσέτι τε νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλιπεν φῦλον·

8. Georgius Monachus, Chronicon 324/7–325/15. {3043.001} (A.D. 9)

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τοῦτον γὰρ ῾Ηρώδης κτείνει ἀγαθὸν ἄνδρα καὶ τοῖς ᾿Ιουδαίοις κελεύοντα ἀρετὴν ἐπασκοῦσι καὶ τὰ πρὸς ἀλλήλους δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ 325 πρὸς τὸν θεὸν εὐσεβείᾳ χρωμένους βαπτισμῷ συνιέναι. περὶ δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ πάλιν φησίν· γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τὸν χρόνον τοῦτον ᾿Ιησοῦς, ἀνὴρ σοφός, εἴ γε ἄνδρα λέγειν αὐτὸν χρή. ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητὴς καὶ διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων, καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἑλληνισμοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν. καὶ αὐτὸν ἐν δόξῃ τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐξεπαύσαντο οἱ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες. φάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια προειρηκότων. εἰς ἔτι καὶ νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλειπε τὸ φῦλον. ταῦτα τοῦ ἐξ ῾Εβραίων συγγραφέως ἀνέκαθεν διεξελθόντος, ποίαν ἀπολογίαν ἢ συγγνώμην ἔχουσιν ἀνοηταίνοντες οἱ ἐμβρόντητοι ᾿Ιουδαῖοι.

9. Georgius Monachus, Chronicon breve 110.387/43–388/11. {3043.002} (A.D. 9)

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περὶ δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ πάλιν ἔφη. «Γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τὸν χρόνον τοῦτον ᾿Ιησοῦς, ἀνὴρ σοφὸς, εἴγε ἄνδρα λέγειν αὐτὸν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητὴς καὶ διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἐν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων, καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν τῶν 388 ᾿Ιουδαίων, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ῾Ελληνισμοῦ ἀπηγάγετο. ῾Ο Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν· καὶ αὐτὸν, ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν, σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ πρὸ τοῦ κτείνειν ἀγαπήσαντες. ᾿Εφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια προειρηκότων. Εἰσέτι καὶ νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλιπε τὸ φῦλον.» 12 Ταῦτα τοῦ ἐξ ῾Εβραίων συγγραφέως διεξελθόντος, ποίαν ἀπολογίαν ἢ συγγνώμην ἔχουσιν ἀνοηταίνοντες οἱ ἐμβρόντητοι ᾿Ιουδαῖοι;

10. Suda, Lexicon, iota 503/16–31. {9010.001} (A.D. 10)

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οὗτος ἐν τῇ ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῃ τῆς ᾿Αρχαιολογίας βίβλῳ φανερῶς ὁμολογεῖ διὰ τὸν ὄγκον τῶν σημείων τὸν Χριστὸν ἐσφάχθαι παρὰ ᾿Ιουδαίων καὶ ᾿Ιωάννην τὸν βαπτιστὴν ἀληθῶς γεγενῆσθαι προφήτην καὶ διὰ τὴν σφαγὴν ᾿Ιακώβου τοῦ ἀποστόλου τὰ ῾Ιεροσόλυμα πεπορθῆσθαι. γράφει δὲ περὶ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ οὕτως· γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ᾿Ιησοῦς, σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴ γε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων, καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν. καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες. ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτα καὶ ἄλλα μυρία θαυμαστὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ εἰρηκότων, εἴς τε νῦν τὸ τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένον οὐκ ἀπελείπετο φῦλον. τοσαῦτα ᾿Ιώσηπος περὶ Χριστοῦ ἐν τῷ ιηʹ λόγῳ φησίν.

11. Constantinus VII Porphyrogenitus, De virtutibus et vitiis, 1.84/17-26. {3023.002} (A.D. 10)

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50. Γίνεται δὲ κατὰ τὸν χρόνον πιλάτου ἡγεμονεύοντος ῾Ιεροσολύμων ᾿Ιησοῦς, σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴ γε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων· καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ᾿Ιουδαίους πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν. καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπήσαντες· ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτα καὶ ἄλλα μυρία θαυμάσια περὶ αὐτοῦ εἰρηκότων. εἴς τε νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλιπε τὸ φῦλον.

12. Symeon Logothetes, Chronicon, 59/9–20. {3070.001} (A.D. 10)

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᾿Επὶ Τιβερίου ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν ᾿Ιησοῦς Χριστὸς ἐν τῷ πεντεκαιδεκάτῳ ἔτει αὐτοῦ βαπτίζεται, ἐν δὲ τῷ ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῳ ἔτει τὸ σωτήριον ὑπέστη πάθος, ἐν ἔτει ͵εφλγʹ. γράφει δὲ καὶ ᾿Ιώσηπος περὶ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν “ἔτι κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν καιρὸν ἦν ᾿Ιησοῦς σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴ γε αὐτὸν ἄνδρα λέγειν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητὴς καὶ διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἐν ἡδονῇ τὰ ἀληθῆ δεχομένων.” πολλοὺς γὰρ καὶ ἀπὸ ῾Ελλήνων ηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν ὃν πιλάτος σταυρώσας οὐκ ἐξεπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον αὐτὸν ἀγαπήσαντες· ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια εἰρηκότων.

13. Georgius Cedrenus, Compendium historiarum 344/16-345/13. {3018.001} (A.D. 11)

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Φησὶ δὲ Εὐσέβιος ὅτι τῷ ιεʹ͵ ἔτει Τιβερίου βαπτίζεται ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν ᾿Ιησοῦς Χριστός, συνῳδὰ τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ, καὶ ἐν τῷ ιηʹ τὸ σωτήριον ὑπέστη πάθος, ἐν ἔτει τοῦ κόσμου ͵εφλθʹ. γράφει δὲ καὶ ᾿Ιώσηπος περὶ μὲν ᾿Ιωάννου τοῦ βαπτιστοῦ ταῦτα “τισὶ τῶν ᾿Ιουδαίων ἐδόκει διολωλέναι τὸν ῾Ηρώδου στρατὸν ὑπὸ θεοῦ καὶ μάλα δικαίαν τιννυμένου δίκην διὰ ποινὴν ᾿Ιωάννου τοῦ καλουμένου βαπτιστοῦ. τοῦτον γὰρ ῾Ηρώδης κτείνει ἀγαθὸν ἄνδρα καὶ τοῖς ᾿Ιουδαίοις κελεύοντα ἀρετὴν ἐπασκεῖν καὶ τὰ πρὸς ἀλλήλους 345 δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ τὰ πρὸς θεὸν εὐσεβείᾳ χρῆσθαι καὶ συνιέναι βαπτισμόν.” περὶ δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ πάλιν ὁ αὐτός φησιν ὅτι κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον ᾿Ιησοῦς ὁ σοφὸς ἀνὴρ ἦν, εἴγε ἄνδρα λέγειν αὐτὸν ἐχρῆν· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητὴς καὶ διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν ἐν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων· πολλοὺς γὰρ καὶ ἀπὸ ῾Ελλήνων ηγάγετο Χριστός. ὃν πιλάτου σταυρώσαντος οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο κηρύσσοντες περὶ αὐτοῦ οἱ τὸ πρῶτον αὐτὸν ἀγαπήσαντες μαθηταί. ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἡμέραν ἔχων πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μαρτυρησάντων περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια καὶ εἰρηκότων. οὗτος ὁ Τιβέριος ἀκούσας τὰ περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ θαύματα ηβουλήθη διὰ βασιλικοῦ τύπου ἀναγορεῦσαι αὐτὸν θεόν· ἀλλ’ ἀντεπράχθη τούτῳ παρὰ τῆς συγκλήτου, καθὼς οὖν Εὐσέβιος λέγει.

14. Joannes Zonaras, Epitome historiarum (lib. 1-12), 2.13/14–13/1.
{3135.001} (A.D. 11-12)

Quote:

Κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν καιρὸν καὶ ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν καὶ θεὸς ᾿Ιησοῦς Χριστὸς ἐν ᾿Ιουδαίᾳ ἐφάνη, περὶ οὗ ταῦτα κατὰ λέξιν φησὶν ὁ ᾿Ιώσηπος ἐν τῷ ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῳ λόγῳ τῆς ᾿Αρχαιολογίας. “γίνεται δὴ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ᾿Ιησοῦς, σοφὸς ἀνήρ, εἴγε ἄνδρα αὐτὸν λέγειν χρή· ἦν γὰρ παραδόξων ἔργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος ἀνθρώπων τῶν σὺν ἡδονῇ τἀληθῆ δεχομένων· καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ᾿Ιουδαίους, πολλοὺς δὲ καὶ τοῦ ῾Ελληνικοῦ ἐπηγάγετο. ὁ Χριστὸς οὗτος ἦν. καὶ αὐτὸν ἐνδείξει τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν σταυρῷ ἐπιτετιμηκότος πιλάτου, οὐκ ἐπαύσαντο οἱ τὸ πρῶτον αὐτὸν ἀγαπήσαντες. ἐφάνη γὰρ αὐτοῖς τρίτην ἔχων ἡμέραν πάλιν ζῶν, τῶν θείων προφητῶν ταῦτά τε καὶ ἄλλα μυρία περὶ αὐτοῦ θαυμάσια εἰρηκότων. εἰσέτι νῦν τῶν Χριστιανῶν ἀπὸ τοῦδε ωνομασμένων οὐκ ἐπέλιπε τὸ φῦλον.” Καὶ ταῦτα μὲν ἀρχαιολογῶν ὁ ᾿Ιώσηπος ἔγραψε περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ· ἐν δὲ τῷ πρὸς ῞Ελληνας αὐτοῦ 13 λόγῳ, …

(NB: for some reason, I cannot input here a capital π (�*) and either an omega or eta with a smooth breathing: �*, �*.)

Roger Pearse · 06-26-2007, 09:01 AM

Most of that is coming out as square boxes for me. What's the trick? Most useful, tho!

Is there a Coptic Eusebius HE, does anyone know?

S.C.Carlson · 06-26-2007, 09:27 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Roger Pearse

Most of that is coming out as square boxes for me. What's the trick? Most useful, tho!

Make sure you set your default browser font to something than can support Unicode precomposed characters (like Tahoma).

Stephen

andrewcriddle · 06-26-2007, 10:32 AM

There is a Latin translation of Josephus' Antiquities made c 500 CE which contains the TF.

Andrew Criddle

Ben C Smith · 06-26-2007, 10:53 AM

Add Sozomen, History of the Church 1.1.5-6, John Malalas, Chronography 10, and the Religious Dialogue at the Sassanid Court to the Greek witnesses (see Gerd Theissen, The Historical Jesus, page 86 for the latter).

Ben.

Ben C Smith · 06-26-2007, 10:59 AM

There is also the Greek translation of the Latin of Jerome, On Illustrious Men 13. It is available online in .gif images from Skeptik. I also have an unaccented version on my Josephus page. The interest here is that the Greek translation harmonizes the Latin of Jerome back with the version we find in the textus receptus and in Eusebius.

Ben.

Roger Pearse · 06-27-2007, 12:44 AM

The Syriac version of the HE of Eusebius reads:

Quote:

ܡܘܐ ܪܡ ܒܗܢܐ ܢܒܢܐ̣. ܓܒܪܐ ܪܡ ܚܪ ܚܟܝܡܐ ܪܫܡܗ̣ ܝܫܘܥ. ܐܢ ܘ̇ܪܐ ܪܢ ܪܓܒܪܐ ܢܘܪܝܗܝ. ܐܝܛܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ ܓܝܪ ܗܥܘܪܐ ܪܥ̇ܒ̈ܕܐ ܫܒ̈ܝܚܐ̣ ܘܡܪܦܢܐ ܕܒ̈ܢܝ ܐܢܫܐ̇. ܗ̇ܢܘܢ ܕܒܪܓܛܐ ܡܘ̇ܒܪܝܢ ܪܗ ܪܫܪܪܐ. ܘܪܗ̈ܓܝܐܐ ܡܢ ܝܗ̈ܘܕܝܐ̇ ܘܪܗ̈ܓܝܐܐ ܕܝܢ ܐܦ ܡܢ ܥܡ̈ܡܐ̣ ܛܪܡܕ ܗܘܐ. ܡܫܝܚܐ̇ ܕܝܢ ܐܝܛܘܗܢ ܗܢܐ. ܘܪܗ ܐܝܨ ܕܡܢ ܣܗܕܘܛܐ ܕܐܢܫܐ ܪ̈ܫܘܗܝ ܕܥܡܢ̣. ܝܗܒܗ ܦܝܪܛܘܣ ܪܡܣܡ ܒܪܫܐ ܕܝܨܪܝܒܐ. ܘܗ̇ܢܘܢ ܕܐܚܒܘܗܝ̣ ܪܐ ܫܪܝܘ ܡܢ ܚܘܒܗ. ܐܛܚܥܝ ܪܗܘܢ ܓܝܪ ܡܢ ܒܛܪ ܛܪܛܐ ܝܘܡ̈ܝܢ ܛܘܒ ܟܕ ܚܝ̇. ܕܢܒ̈ܝܐ ܕܐܪܗܐ ܗܪܝܢ ܘܪܒܘ ܐܝܨ ܗܪܝܢ ܐܡܪܘ ܥܪܘܗܝ ܛܡܝ̈ܗܛܐ̇. ܘܥܕܡܐ ܪܝܘܡܢܐ ܪܐ ܡܓܪܕܐ ܥܡܐ ܕܟܪ̈ܣܛܝܢܐ ܕܡܢܗ ܡܫܛܡܗ ܡܪܝܢ.̇

so long as you use a Syriac capable font like Estrangelo Edessa which comes with XP or Titus Cyberbit Basic which is free for download.

We really need a system where we can post the HTML entity codes in here and specify the font inline. The "He was the Christ" bit is 4 words, but I can only recognise the first one, Mashiah (=Christ) and don't have my books here.

All the best,

Roger Pearse

ynquirer · 06-27-2007, 01:07 AM

If one accepts, as I do, Tacitus’s Annals 15:44 as a witness – possibly the earliest one – for the TF, there are at least three points that appear fixed in Josephus. In the first place, that the name ‘Christian’ has its origin in Christos/Christus. Secondly, that he was sentenced to the cross/the ultimate penalty. Thirdly, that the sect of the Christians is not extinct to this day/it has expanded to Rome.

06-26-2007, 01:44 AM	#1
Roger Pearse Veteran Member Join Date: Apr 2002 Location: N/A Posts: 4,370	Testimonium Flavianum; in what languages where I was wondering what possible sources we have for the text of the TF. Greek: Josephus, Antiquities mss Greek: Josephus, Jewish War (some mss) Greek: Eusebius, HE Latin: Hegesippus Latin: Jerome De viris illustribus Syriac: tr. of Eusebius HE Syriac: tr. of Eusebius Theophania. Syriac: Michael the Syrian Arabic: Agapius Armenian: tr. of Eusebius HE Old Slavonic: Three captures of Jerusalem (Josephus) There must be more. Anyone? I'm not convinced that we know what all the versions say. Is there a Georgian version? There was a Coptic version of Eusebius HE, I believe; I don't know if it is extant. All the best, Roger Pearse

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06-26-2007, 08:05 AM	#2
S.C.Carlson Veteran Member Join Date: Jan 2005 Location: USA Posts: 1,307	There's also a Latin version in Rufinus's translation of Eusebius.

06-26-2007, 09:01 AM	#4
Roger Pearse Veteran Member Join Date: Apr 2002 Location: N/A Posts: 4,370	Most of that is coming out as square boxes for me. What's the trick? Most useful, tho! Is there a Coptic Eusebius HE, does anyone know?

06-26-2007, 10:32 AM	#6
andrewcriddle Veteran Member Join Date: Sep 2004 Location: Birmingham UK Posts: 4,876	There is a Latin translation of Josephus' Antiquities made c 500 CE which contains the TF. Andrew Criddle

06-26-2007, 10:53 AM	#7
Ben C Smith Veteran Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: Midwest Posts: 4,787	Add Sozomen, History of the Church 1.1.5-6, John Malalas, Chronography 10, and the Religious Dialogue at the Sassanid Court to the Greek witnesses (see Gerd Theissen, The Historical Jesus, page 86 for the latter). Ben.

06-26-2007, 10:59 AM	#8
Ben C Smith Veteran Member Join Date: May 2005 Location: Midwest Posts: 4,787	There is also the Greek translation of the Latin of Jerome, On Illustrious Men 13. It is available online in .gif images from Skeptik. I also have an unaccented version on my Josephus page. The interest here is that the Greek translation harmonizes the Latin of Jerome back with the version we find in the textus receptus and in Eusebius. Ben.

06-27-2007, 01:07 AM	#10
ynquirer Senior Member Join Date: Sep 2005 Location: Madrid, Spain Posts: 572	If one accepts, as I do, Tacitus’s Annals 15:44 as a witness – possibly the earliest one – for the TF, there are at least three points that appear fixed in Josephus. In the first place, that the name ‘Christian’ has its origin in Christos/Christus. Secondly, that he was sentenced to the cross/the ultimate penalty. Thirdly, that the sect of the Christians is not extinct to this day/it has expanded to Rome.

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