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Old 04-09-2007, 02:42 AM   #1
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Default Pope solves gospel contradiction; Jesus followed Essene calendar

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The theologian Pope then recalled that "In the evangelist’s accounts of this event there seems to be a contradiction between the version as told by John and those of Mathew, Mark and Luke. According to John, Christ died on the cross at the exact moment when in the temples nearby, the lambs were being slaughtered for the Pascal feast. His death coincides with the sacrifice of the lambs. That however means that he died on the eve of Passover and therefore could not personally celebrate the Pascal feast – this at least is what seems to be. According to the other three evangelists Our Lord’s last supper was a traditional Pascal feast into which he inserted the novelty of the gift of His body and blood. Until very recently this contradiction seemed irresolvable. Most of the exegetes were of the opinion that John did not want to give us the exact, historic date of Christ’s death, but had instead chose a symbolic date to highlight the one profound truth: Jesus is the true Lamb of God who shed his blood for us".

"In the meantime the discovery of the Qumran writings has led us to a possible and convincing solution that, while not accepted by all, possesses a great degree of probability. We are now able to say that John’s account of the passion is historically precise. Christ really did shed his blood on the eve of the Passover at the hour of the slaughter of the lambs. However he celebrated Passover with his disciples according to the Qumran calendar, therefore at least one day earlier – he celebrated it without lamb, as according to the traditions of the Qumran community, which did not recognise Herod’s temple and was waiting for a new temple. Christ therefore celebrated Passover without the lamb: no, - not without the lamb: in place of the lamb he gifted his body and blood. Thus He anticipated the death with his words: "No one takes my life from me, but I lay it down on my own". At the very moment He gives his body and blood to the disciples, He really is bringing his words to be. He himself offers His life. Only in this way does the ancient Passover obtain true meaning".
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French Cardinal Albert Vanhoye, former rector of the Pontifical Biblical Institute, said that in Jesus’s time "the Essene calendar was more traditional than the newer one of the Jerusalem priesthood" and more in use.

However, he told AFP: "Even if Jesus was able to feel sympathy for the Essenes, who were very pious, his mentality was very different from theirs because they were very attached to ritual observances, which he wasn’t."

Vanhoye noted that the opinion of the pope, who was referring to a theory already advanced by some experts, was an intellectual musing rather than a pronouncement with all the authority of papal infallibility.
Interesting theory, but what is it based on?
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Old 04-09-2007, 03:36 AM   #2
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Interesting theory, but what is it based on?
Desperately trying to get into the start of a thread, I'll just throw in two instances that I (think I) remember from Alvar Ellegård's Jesus – One Hundred Years Before Christ: A Study In Creative Mythology (or via: amazon.co.uk).
The disciples were accused of ripping of corn ears on a Sabbath. Jesus preached that OT laws should be adhered to. Solution: According to the Essene calendar, it was no Sabbath day.

Towards the end, the disciples were told to walk into a village where they would find a lamb prepared for Easter. How could there be just one lamb waiting for them, when everybody prepared them? Solution: The cooking time was correct for the Essene calendar, so anyone having a lamb ready must, like the disciples, be an Essene.

If you find these clues insufficient, there are more in the book, like what this means for the Easter chronology, and also Ellegård sprinkles his interesting views with caveats and repeatedly points out that much of what he writes is conjecture but fits his general scheme.
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Old 04-09-2007, 05:31 AM   #3
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I'm no biblical scholar or mideast historian, but don't Xians want Jesus not to be an Essene?
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Old 04-09-2007, 06:04 AM   #4
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Toto, this theory's been around for a long time - you can find it on many "Resolving Bible Contradictions" websites. There is no real evidence, though that Jesus was associated with the Essenes (his attitude toward Jewish Law was quite different from theirs), or that the Essene calendar actually resolves the issue (no calculation from the Essene calendar that shows Passover would be off by a day).


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The disciples were accused of ripping of corn ears on a Sabbath. Jesus preached that OT laws should be adhered to. Solution: According to the Essene calendar, it was no Sabbath day.
Then why didn't he reply to them "Today's not the Sabbath, you dummies"?
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Old 04-09-2007, 06:19 AM   #5
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I'm no biblical scholar or mideast historian, but don't Xians want Jesus not to be an Essene?
Christians are not a monolithic group.

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Old 04-09-2007, 06:21 AM   #6
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The idea that Jesus followed an Essene calendar was championed by A. Jaubert, La date de la Cene. I have not read this book, but IIRC Meier critiques it fairly thoroughly in the first volume of his Marginal Jew (or via: amazon.co.uk) series.

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Old 04-09-2007, 08:31 AM   #7
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I'm no biblical scholar or mideast historian, but don't Xians want Jesus not to be an Essene?
Regardless of what "Xians want, The Nazarene was NOT a "Xian" or a "X," and had nothing to do with their idolatrous veneration of iconic chicken scratchings and "sacred totem poles" (asherim)

The messianic groups that were in those days, whether holding unto the hope that a Messiah yet would come, or to the conviction that The Messiah had already came and lived amongst them, were still living strictly under the dictates of The Torah, in accordance with their individual groups best interpretation of its words, Laws, Statutes, and Commandments.

There were several groups that differed with the Jerusalem priesthood as to how certain passages of Torah were to be interpreted in calculating the proper times and counts used in calculating of the annual "High Day" Sabbaths. Each group, even each individual, calculating and following that lunar/solar calendar that seemed most reasonable and supportable by their own interpretation of the Torah text.
This practice was "unlawful" under The Law of the Jews, it being the exclusive prerogative set forth in Torah, for The Levitical Priesthood alone to issue binding decisions upon any and all such matters.
However, in the eyes of these groups and individuals, The Levitical Priesthood had been compromised, and had also compromised The Law, and had became no longer trustworthy in their sight. Thus, under their own strong convictions, they rejected the rule of The Levitical Priesthood, and Jerusalem.
For it was deemed a far worse thing that a man should compromise his own conscience, than violate a "Levitical" misinterpretation or misrepresentation of The Law.
To this day, Messianic groups, (not those calling themselves "Xtians") of which there are many, do not follow or keep the calendars dictated by "authorised" Judiasim, or that one imposed by Xtian fiat.
Each Messianic group watching the signs and the seasons, performing their own calculations and ordering their own calendars "High Sabbaths" in accordance with the strength of their own beliefs and convictions.
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Old 04-09-2007, 08:51 AM   #8
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Hmm.. by explanation was that the author of John was suing this passage as an inspiration for his scene:

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Numbers 9:
11 In the second month on the fourteenth day, at twilight, they shall keep it; they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 12 They shall leave none of it until morning, nor break a bone of it; according to all the statute for the passover they shall keep it.
I find my explanation more plausible. He was using the reference to the breaking of the bones in his scene, and saw that this was on the 14th day of Nissan, so he set his story on that day.
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Old 04-09-2007, 09:24 AM   #9
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Originally Posted by Malachi151
I find my explanation more plausible. He was using the reference to the breaking of the bones in his scene, and saw that this was on the 14th day of Nissan, so he set his story on that day.
I also find your explanation more plausible in explaining why the writer of GJohn placed the crucifixion a day before the other gospel accounts. He apparently found both a date and physical descriptions he believed was prophecy in the OT, and saw that Jesus' death could fit (or be fitted into).

John 19:31-37: Now it was the day of Preparation, and the next day was to be a special Sabbath. Because the Jews did not want the bodies left on the crosses during the Sabbath, they asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies taken down. The soldiers therefore came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and then those of the other. But when they came to Jesus and found that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. Instead, one of the soldiers pierced Jesus' side with a spear, bringing a sudden flow of blood and water. The man who saw it has given testimony, and his testimony is true. He knows that he tells the truth, and he testifies so that you also may believe. These things happened so that the scripture would be fulfilled: "Not one of his bones will be broken,"(Num. 9:12 NIV) and, as another scripture says, "They will look on the one they have pierced." (Zech. 12:10 NIV)
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Old 04-09-2007, 09:44 AM   #10
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Has the Pope lost his 'infallible' status and is he still an inerrantist? I think he is the world's leading 'harmonizer' of NT events.
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