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Old 06-05-2003, 10:30 PM   #21
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Quote:
Originally posted by leonarde
From the post of mfarber: The above is written under a photo of a rather round-headed (allegedly) Jewish man side-by-side with the long figure (long head, long body) of the Man of the Shroud of Turin. It really proves nothing: there's so much intra-group variation in physiognomy (among modern American/Israeli Jews compare Sandy Koufax with Ariel Sharon) that the appearance can only tell us so much. Most scholars who have looked at it believe the features of the Man of the Shroud are compatible with a 1st Century Jewish origin for the Man. But that only establishes the POSSIBILITY.
1. We are NOT taking about Jews like Sharon and Koufax who are MODERN Ashkenasi Jews (Europeans), but MIDDLE EASTERN 1st Century CE Jews who would look like more like Arabs (olive skinned, dark hair often curly, dark eyes, strong features)

2. There is more to that analysis that just the FACE. The Bible tells us that Jesus was short if Luke 19:3 KJV is to be taken to mean what it says, Zacchaeus sought to see Jesus who he was,and could not for the crowd, because he was little of stature.

BUT the figure on the Shroud is 5' 11''- 6' 2" TALL. Is the Bible wrong about Jesus being short, leonarde, or could it just simply be that the forger didn't know enough about the Bible to be conversant with the FACT that the Bible said JC was short?

3. His hair would have been short. Paul condemned long hair on men in (1 Corinthians 11:13-15 KJV )
BUT the "Jesus" of the Shroud has LONG hair. This was considered an a "shame" to a man, again the forger obviously wasn't aware of the FACT that Jewish men did not wear long flowing "page-boy" styled hair. Strange that this sort of hair style for men was common during the years that the Shroud would have been forged (NOT!).

Couple this with the obvious FACT that the features of the "face" (an out-of-proportion one at that) on the Shroud are obviously VERY European and it's rather obvious that the model for the forgery was a tall, long-haired, European male.

These are rather glaring discrepancies, leonarde that can be hand-waved away by your "variation" argument.

Quote:
Originally posted by leonarde
From the post of mfaber:
If we are looking through various historical accounts, letters, diaries which date before the 14th Century we find that there was in Constantinople an artifact known as the Mandylion. It bore the likeness of a man believed by the Orthodox to be Jesus. It was in that city until the city was looted in 1204 by Western European Crusaders. Since Franks or Frenchmen were the largest group of Western Crusaders doing this looting, it should come as no big surprise that this cloth should end up in France subsequently. The Mandylion was in Constantinople from 944 to 1204. Its location before that is a bit more problematic; it was probably in the city of Edessa until 944
The Mandylion was a relic showing the FACE of Jesus Christ on a cloth. There is no way to actually link this relic to the Shroud(a face suddenly becomes complete with a "body", how is that possible, leonarde, another "miracle" perhaps). People only BELIEVE the Mandylion, which disappeared when Constantinople was sacked in 1204, is the shroud (the hypothesis of the British historian Ian Wilson). There is no actual evidence that the two are the same. All you are doing is repeating and UNSUBSTANTIATED hypothesis and hope that people won't know that it's just a hypothesis, nothing more. Anyway, the C-14 dating, done on bacterial/fungus/smoke-FREE pieces of the Shroud leave no doubt that the two objects are NOT the same because the Shroud dates to the 14th Century. Get over it...the thing's a FRAUD!!!
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Old 06-05-2003, 10:48 PM   #22
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The Gospel writers say that the body of Jesus, after being taken from the stake by Joseph of Arimathea, was wrapped “in clean fine linen.” (Matthew 27:57-61; Mark 15:42-47; Luke 23:50-56) The apostle John adds: “Nicodemus also ._._. came bringing a roll of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds of it. So they took the body of Jesus and bound it up with bandages with the spices, just the way the Jews have the custom of preparing for burial.”—John 19:39-42.

The Jews customarily washed the dead and then used oils and spices to anoint the body. (Matthew 26:12; Acts 9:37) On the morning following the Sabbath, women friends of Jesus intended to complete the preparation of his body, which had already been laid in a tomb. However, when they arrived with their ‘spices to grease him,’ the body of Jesus was not in the tomb!—Mark 16:1-6; Luke 24:1-3.

What did Peter find when he came shortly afterward and entered the tomb? The eyewitness John reported: “He viewed the bandages lying, also the cloth that had been upon his head not lying with the bandages but separately rolled up in one place.” (John 20:6,_7) Notice that there is no mention of the fine linen—only of bandages and the headcloth. Since John specifies the bandages and the headcloth, would it not seem likely that he would have mentioned the fine linen, or shroud, if it had been there?

In addition, consider this: If the graveclothes of Jesus had his image upon them, does it not seem that it would have been noticed and would have become a subject for discussion? Yet, beyond what is in the Gospels, there is complete silence in the Bible about the graveclothes.

Even the professed Christian writers of the third and fourth centuries, many of whom wrote about a host of so-called miracles in connection with numerous relics, did not mention the existence of a shroud containing the image of Jesus. This is hard to understand, since 15th- and 16th-century viewers, according to Jesuit scholar Herbert Thurston, “describe the impressions on the shroud as so vivid in detail and colouring that they might have been quite freshly made.”

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Old 06-06-2003, 05:07 AM   #23
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Even if it is human blood, big deal.
The people who faked the Shroud didn't have any access to human blood in those days?
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Old 06-06-2003, 06:17 AM   #24
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Quote:
Even if it is human blood, big deal.
Well, the big deal is:

1) How low religious zealots are willing to set their standards in order to generate shoddy scientific data whenever it come to "evidence" of their Gods' existence. We see this all the time, in Intelligent Design, in studies on intercessory prayers, in supposed claims of miracles or miraculous sightings... You name it. It's evident here in the hyperboles and editorializing by leonard(e) -- "every scientific test they could think of," "STURP ... is considered the definitive scientific investigation of the S of Turin, have published their findings in numerous peer-reviewed journals," etc.

2) The hypocrisy when these same people judge with extreme prejudice other scientific evidence that diminishes the importance of their Gods -- especially those that relegate them to deistic types or even nonexistence. One only has to look at evolution forums to see this.

3) Faith apparently is not enough. Kinda have to ask yourself -- in the face of inconclusive evidence, is the Shroud more important for its apologetic value or for its historic value?
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Old 06-06-2003, 06:53 AM   #25
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Partial post:
Quote:
But ironically, what this ignores is that McCrone need no longer defend himself. Let's reread again the sentence this paragraph purports to answer:
quote:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In sum, McCrone's negative tests for blood are supported by multiple batteries of chemical, spectroscopic and microscopic analyses by others
But the "others" isn't specified and that's PART of the problem: McCrone himself claimed (in his 1999 book) that his own institute conducted confirmatory analyses. So the "others" might merely refer to his own employees. And working perhaps under his supervision. Hardly the type of confirmation that could be called ideal. Especially given his de facto resignation from STURP.

Cheers!
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Old 06-06-2003, 06:55 AM   #26
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Thus, one can conclude that the temperature was well above the temperature at which proteins denature (100°C)
Hell, proteins even denature above 60°C.
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Old 06-06-2003, 06:57 AM   #27
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Quote:
But the "others" isn't specified and that's PART of the problem.
I am growing tired of leonard(e)'s reading comprehension problem. In the two quotes I obtained from the Shroud FAQ, will somebody else tell me if it isn't obvious to him, who at least one other person is?

Here. I'll repost the quote for convenience:
Quote:
Giorgio Frache, a forensic serologist, Guido Filogamo, a radiologist, and Alberto Brandone, a physicist, were all members of the Turin Commission, which examined the shroud in 1973. Along with their colleagues, Frache and Filogamo applied a variety of chemical and microscopic tests to shroud 'blood' sherds that consistently yielded negative results for blood. Brandone's contribution could not identify blood per se, since it analyzed only elements. But he did note that some elements that would be expected in blood, such as sodium and phosphorus, were not found. Obviously, there is a chance that the result of any one of these tests is mistaken. It is, though, a small one, as these tests became standard precisely because of their reliability. The odds that ALL of the tests run by four separate groups gave false negatives, however, is negligible.

The largest group of tests claimed to show positive for blood were conducted by STURP members Alan Adler and Joseph Heller. None of the tests they chose are specific for blood and none of them are used by forensic chemists for that purpose. Here, the probability of false positives is most important.

AAMOF, forensic investigator John F. Fischer showed, in a paper presented at the 1984 conference of the Society of Investigation (but you can read his summary in Appendix A of Joe Nickell, "Inquest on the Shroud of Turin") that ALL of Adler's and Heller's results could be duplicated with a mixture of iron ochre and rose madder pigments in egg tempera. This is especially significant in light of some of McCrone's other analyses, which found among other substances iron ocher, rose madder, and a proteinaceous binder he believes to be tempera paint medium. In light of Fischer's demonstration, the probability that Adler's and Heller's tests generated false positives is very nearly one.

There is also a DNA replication analysis conducted by Victor and Nancy Tryon. The technique is somewhat controversial, and Tryon explained the pitfalls thus. "I have no idea who or where the DNA signal came from, nor how long it's been there." It is, he says, not necessarily the remains of blood. "Everyone who has ever touched the shroud or cried over the shroud has left a potential DNA signal there." [Time, April 20, 1998]. In light of Dr. Tryon's doubts as to the source of the DNA signal, it's best to consider this analysis inconclusive.

Finally, there is the claim by Perluigi Baima-Bollone that an antigen-antibody test detected blood type AB. Prof. Baima-Bollone has not, however, published this result in the professional literature where it can be evaluated. His research has appeared instead in a now defunct shroud fanzine. In addition, Baima-Bollone has an interesting history. In addition to the shroud, he also identified brown stains on a 10th century fake relic as being human blood type AB [http://www.shroud.com/guscin.htm] and allegedly validated the miraculous blood of Saint Januarius
[http://www.spectrometer.org/path/blood.html]. Baima-Bollone seems to have become a 'go-to' guy for confirming miraculous blood.

In sum, McCrone's negative tests for blood are supported by multiple batteries of chemical, spectroscopic and microscopic analyses by others. They are contradicted by tests that are either inconclusive, undocumented, of dubious value, or from dubious sources.
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Old 06-06-2003, 07:02 AM   #28
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Here is a "definitive" other: Nature article on C-14. It's not about the blood, but it only serves to build a powerful case against authenticity.

PS: note that in the www.shroud.com site, the site owners quickly dismissed the Nature article as not peer-reviewed (LOL!). Goes to show what I mean about religious zealots and their tactics.
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Old 06-06-2003, 07:09 AM   #29
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Partial post:
Quote:
If leonard(e) wants peer-review to be a standard in this discussion, then let it be known now -- it can only hurt the case against shroud authenticity.
Oh, I don't know about that: the STURP investigators have over the years come up with a very impressive number of articles based on their work on the Shroud. To wit:
Quote:
Bibliography of Published STURP Papers

Editor's Note: Although I have tried to be thorough, this list may not be complete. Other papers may exist that I am not aware of or are not available at this moment. If you know of others that should be included in this list, please let me know. I will add them
immediately.
/snip-by leonarde/

1. Accetta, J.S. and J.S. Baumgart, "Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy and Thermographic Investigations of the Shroud of Turin,"
Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 12, pp. 1921-1929.

2. Avis, C., D. Lynn, J. Lorre, S. Lavoie, J. Clark, E. Armstrong, and J. Addington, "Image Processing of the Shroud of Turin," IEEE 1982
Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 554-558.

3. Devan, D. and V. Miller, "Quantitative Photography of the Shroud of Turin," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference
on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 548-553.

4. Ercoline, W.R., R.C. Downs, Jr. and J.P. Jackson, "Examination of the Turin Shroud for Image Distorions," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of
the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 576-579.

5. Gilbert, R., Jr. and M.M. Gilbert, "Ultraviolet-Visible Reflectance and Fluorescence Spectra of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics,
Vol. 19, No. 12, pp. 1930-1936.

6. Heller, J.H. and A.D. Adler, "Blood on the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 16, 1980, pp. 2742-2744.

7. Heller, J.H. and A.D. Adler, "A Chemical Investigation of the Shroud of Turin," Canadian Society of Forensic Sciences Journal, Vol.
14, No. 3, 1981, pp. 81-103.

8. Jackson, J.P., E.J. Jumper and W.R. Ercoline, "Three Dimensional Characteristic of the Shroud Image," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the
International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 559-575.

9. Jackson, J.P., E.J. Jumper, and W.R. Ercoline, "Correlation of Image Intensity on the Turin Shroud with the 3-D Structure of a Human
Body Shape," Applied Optics, Vol. 23, No. 14, 1984, pp. 2244-2270.

10. Jumper, E.J. and R.W. Mottern, "Scientific Investigation of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 12, 1980, pp. 1909-1912.

11. Jumper, E.J., "An Overview of the Testing Performed by the Shroud of Turin Research Project with a Summary of Results," IEEE 1982
Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 535-537.

12. Jumper, E.J., A.D. Adler, J.P. Jackson, S.F. Pellicori, J.H. Heller and J.R. Druzik. "A Comprehensive Examination of the Various Stains
and Images on the Shroud of Turin," Archaeological Chemistry III, ACS Advances in Chemistry No. 205, J.B. Lambert, Editor, Chapter
22, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., 1984, pp. 447-476.

13. Miller, V.D. and S.F. Pellicori, "Ultraviolet Fluorescence Photography of the Shroud of Turin," Journal of Biological Photography,
Vol. 49, No. 3, 1981, pp. 71-85.

14. Morris, R.A., L.A. Schwalbe and J.R. London, "X-Ray Fluorescence Investigation of the Shroud of Turin," X-Ray Spectrometry, Vol.
9, No. 2, 1980, pp. 40-47.

15. Mottern, R.W., R.J. London and R.A. Morris, "Radiographic Examination of the Shroud of Turin - A Preliminary Report," Materials
Evaluation, Vol. 38, No. 12 pp. 39-44.

16. Pellicori, S.F., "Spectral Properties of the Shroud of Turin," Applied Optics, Vol. 19, No. 12, pp. 1913-1920.

17. Pellicori, S. and M.S. Evans, "The Shroud of Turin Through the Microscope," Archaeology, January/February 1981, pp. 34-43.

18. Pellicori, S.F. and R.A. Chandos, "Portable Unit Permits UV/vis Study of 'Shroud'," Industrial Research and Development, February
1981, pp. 186-189.

19. Schwalbe, L.A. and R.N. Rogers, "Physics and Chemistry of the Shroud of Turin, A Summary of the 1978 Investigation," Analytica
Chimica Acta, Vol. 135, 1982, pp. 3-49.

20. Schwortz, B.M., "Mapping of Research Test-Point Areas on the Shroud of Turin," IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International
Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 538-547.

In addition to the above listed papers published in refereed scientific journals, four additional articles written by STURP members and
published in other publications are included: (There probably are more of these).

21. Bucklin, Robert, "The Shroud of Turin: a Pathologist's Viewpoint," Legal Medicine Annual, 1982. (No page numbers available)

22. Dinegar, Robert Hudson. "The Shroud of Turin - A Look at the Overall Picture," The Living Church, May 17, 1981, pp. 9-11.

23. Jumper, E.J., K. Stevenson, Jr., and J.P. Jackson. "Images of Coins on a Burial Cloth?," The Numismatist, July 1978, pp. 1349-1357.

24. Miller, V., and D. Lynn, "De Lijwade Van Turjin," Natuur en Techniek, February 1981, pp. 102-125.

At the suggestion of Larry Schwalbe, I am including some additional refereed articles describing work that builds on the 1978
investigation. Larry explained, "...we learned in Turin that the image is a product of cellulose degradation, so a few of us studied
thermal processes for a while":

25. John P. Jackson, Eugene Arthurs, Larry A. Schwalbe, Ronald M. Sega, David E. Windisch, William H. Long, and Eddy A. Stappaerts,
"A New Tool for Cellulose Degradation Studies," Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology: Symposium held April 6-8, 1988, Reno,
Nevada, U.S.A., Ed. Edward V. Sayre et al., Materials Research Society 123, pp. 311-316 (1988).

26. John P. Jackson, Eugene Arthurs, Larry A. Schwalbe, Ronald M. Sega, David E. Windisch, William H. Long, and Eddy A. Stappaerts,
"Infrared Laser Heating for Studies of Cellulose Degradation," Appled Optics 27(18), 3937-3943 (1988).

Larry goes on, "...also Bob Dinegar (STURP Team Member) and I presented some thoughts about what could be learned from isotopic
measurements of the cloth in":

27. R. H. Dinegar and L. A. Schwalbe, "Isotope Measurements and Provenance Studies of the Turin Shroud," in Archaeological
Chemistry IV, Ed. Ralph O. Allen, Advances in Chemistry Series 220 (American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1989) Chapter 23.

Larry concluded, "As I said, these papers do not deal directly with the data collected in 1978. Instead, the work was intended to serve
as background to support a future investigation that we thought was still possible in the late 80s. There are probably more papers like
these. Perhaps including these will flush out more such information".

leonarde again: the above (I did a tad of editing in the interests of brevity) was
from http://www.shroud.com/78papers.htm
The above in a very incomplete list. Perhaps number 22 might be considered non-peer reviewed.
Of particular interest in our discussion of the 'blood' on the S of Turin are numbers 6, 7, and 12.

All the STURP members (save the no longer participating Walter McCrone) signed on to a final report in 1981 which stated that the 'blood' was indeed blood.

Cheers!
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Old 06-06-2003, 07:14 AM   #30
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Quote:
The Mandylion was a relic showing the FACE of Jesus Christ on a cloth. [...]
No. That's probably not true. It probably featured a full-length body as well though perhaps the full body was not always exhibited out of a sense of respect/modesty by the Orthodox Christians of Constantinople.

Cheers!
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