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12-17-2002, 08:31 PM | #11 | ||||||||
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12-18-2002, 04:00 AM | #12 |
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Just a note about the distribution of life in the sea:
While the oceans are 3 dimensional, the livable area is not very deep. I would guess that 99% of all the biomass in the ocean lives within the first 1000 feet. That is where the sunlight is able to penetrate for the plants, and therefore where the food is for everything else. I know about deep water scavangers and bottom dwellers in the deep, but I think they will easily fit into the last 1%. |
12-18-2002, 04:45 AM | #13 | |
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Here's something I wrote about crinoids in the geologic record, along with a correction (I originally gave a vast underestimate). I have not tried to calculate how deep the crinoids would have to have been on the preflood earth, but obviously it would be very deep, and would leave no room for all the other stuff that would need to fit in somewhere (like the plants represented in the world's coal reserves).
Begin quote: There are vast deposits of limestone (packstones) consisting >50% of crinoid elements ('regional encrinites'). According to Ausich et al. (In Hess et al., 1999), on the order of 10^13 - 10^16 crinoids are represented in such deposits (this does not include the crinoid material found outside of regional encrinites). The surface area of the earth is about 0.5 x 10^15m2. Assuming that there are 10^15 crinoids represented in the geologic record, and that crinoids were distributed equally across the globe before the flood, this works out to about 20 crinoids per m2. CORRECTION: This is incorrect. I misinterpreted a statement in Hess et al. (1999) which cites Ausich (1997). Now that I've read Ausich (1997), I see that he estimates that 10^15 - 5 x 10^16 crinoids are represented in the Lower Mississippian Burlington and Keokuk limestones of Iowa, Illinois, and Missouri alone (p.510). This does not include all of the other Mississippian regional encrinites, or those which occur in older and younger strata. Ausich (1997) writes: Quote:
Ausich, W.I., 1997. Regional Encrinites: A Vanished Lithofacies. In Brett, C.E., and Baird, G.C., eds., Paleontological Events: Stratigraphic, Ecological, and Evolutionary Implications; Columbia Univ. Press, New York, pp. 509-519. Hess, H., Ausich, W.I., Brett, C.E., and Simms, M.J., (eds.), 1999. Fossil Crinoids. Cambridge University Press, 275 pp. |
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