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Old 05-07-2006, 12:14 PM   #41
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Originally Posted by Vorkosigan
What citation(s) in Crossan's voluminous writings can you adduce in support of your thesis that Crossan is out to discredit the historicity of the gospel narrative? Supply a few.

Vorkosigan
The man says so. He states that the narrative is false, claims Jesus rotted on the cross and was eaten by dogs, and that the apostels, in a kind of religious shock, were stuck with ignoring the truth.

Have you actually read his works or what.
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Old 05-07-2006, 12:18 PM   #42
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Originally Posted by Chris Weimer
Hey Gamera - how about a little more evidence to go with that ad hom attack. :down:
It's not an ad hominem attack. Haven't you read, Crossan. He states unambiguously that he concludes the gospel narratives are fundamentally false hagiography, the result of the witnesses suffering from the psychological trauma of having seen their leader tortured to death and thrown to the dogs.

You don't have to look far in his writings to find this, but start with his Jesus, A Revoluitonary Biography. I'm looking at it right now.

I'm not saying he's attacking Christianity. He's not. He thinks Chrisitianity isn't dependent on the historicity of the gospel narrative. But to say he hasn't rejected the gospel narrative and Paul's take on it, is ludricrous. It's what his career has been about.
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Old 05-07-2006, 12:20 PM   #43
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Vorkosigan
What citation(s) in Crossan's voluminous writings can you adduce in support of your thesis that Crossan is out to discredit the historicity of the gospel narrative? Supply a few.

Vorkosigan
The man says so. He states that the narrative is false, claims Jesus rotted on the cross and was eaten by dogs, and that the apostels, in a kind of religious shock, were stuck with ignoring the truth.

Have you actually read his works or what.
Those are his conclusions. You need to support your claim that Crossan set out with the aim of discrediting the historicity of the gospel narratives.
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Old 05-07-2006, 12:22 PM   #44
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Originally Posted by Diogenes the Cynic
Michael, how do you account for the lack of Messianic identification in Thomas? Why do we see none of Mark's titular signature ("son of man") or any of his apocalyptic overlay?
Because it's a gnostic text, which rejected those concepts in favor of Jesus as a "guru" with secret knowledge, which he would share with those who show their adeptness through various religious practices. This is the structure of gnosticism, which is utterly contrary to Christianity's notion of a revealed religion, announced through a kerygma to everybody.

However, by the 2nd century, Chrisitanity had become "hot," and was making converts. So gnosticism glommed onto the figure of Jesus (much as Islam did 400 years later) colonizing him with gnostic ideas.
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Old 05-07-2006, 12:24 PM   #45
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Those are his conclusions. You need to support your claim that Crossan set out with the aim of discrediting the historicity of the gospel narratives.
In biblical studies, the aims drive the conclusions, since there is little substantial evidence of any of gospel narrative outside the NT.

To construct an historical Jesus for use to rebut the gospel Jesus makes absolutely no epistomological sense, since there is no other historical Jesus outside the gospel texts.

The valorization of the Gospel of Thomas as prior to the gospel is just one more example of this agenda, since there is no paleographcial reason to assume GOT's earlier origin (or at least, the evidence is dubious at best). So it's no cooincidence Crossan "concludes" GOT is earlier. It's part of a larger agenda.
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Old 05-08-2006, 12:16 AM   #46
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Originally Posted by Gamera
In biblical studies, the aims drive the conclusions, since there is little substantial evidence of any of gospel narrative outside the NT.
Doesn't follow. The aims drive the conclusions when the researcher is biased.

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To construct an historical Jesus for use to rebut the gospel Jesus makes absolutely no epistomological sense, since there is no other historical Jesus outside the gospel texts.
In substantial agreement there.

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The valorization of the Gospel of Thomas as prior to the gospel is just one more example of this agenda, since there is no paleographcial reason to assume GOT's earlier origin (or at least, the evidence is dubious at best). So it's no cooincidence Crossan "concludes" GOT is earlier. It's part of a larger agenda.
Does not follow.
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Old 05-08-2006, 01:02 AM   #47
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Does not follow.
It does. There is no reason to date the GOT early and the NT gospels late. Yet, predictably, Crossan does just that. Not coincidently, the gist of his entire analysis is that the NT "got it wrong" -- Jesus was an itinerant preacher who was killed and eaten by dogs (he likes to dwell on that).

Of couse there is zero evidence that Jesus was an itinerant preacher since all the evidence we really have of Jesus as an historical figure comes from the gospels and Paul. Paul, who was closer in time than the gospel writers, most definitely did not conceptualize Jesus as an itinerant preacher.

The point is, the type of tendentious arguments that can transform what evidence we have of Jesus (i.e., basically the gospels) into an intinerant preacher, can be applied to the GOT and transform that Jesus into a messianic Son of God, referencing the NT gospels. The methodologies are fully reversable.

So the conclusions you reach in this field indicate your agenda.

By the way, that's exactly the argument the historical/critical analysis applies to Paul and every other subsequent Christian apologist. The claim is not only that they had an agenda, but that they ruthlessly promoted it by suppressing alternative sects and destroying and doctoring mss. So again, what's good for the goose is good for the gander. If you assume Paul had an agenda, why not conclude Crossan has one?
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Old 05-08-2006, 03:09 AM   #48
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Originally Posted by Roger Pearse
I have not read the book, but some simple bits of data are available to everyone (corrections welcome, of course).

1. The 2nd century Greek fragments (P.Oxy.654.5-9) do not agree with the fourth century full Coptic text (Saying 2) at one point. The Coptic text is plainly gnostic, while the Greek is not. Thus we have evidence of at least two versions, one gnostic and one not (in the small bits remaining).

2. Gnosticism starts with Basilides in the early second century (ca. 120-130).

3. The paleographers tell us that the Greek fragments are no later than 180-200, and of course the text must have been composed rather earlier than this.

4. (Subjective) The gnosticism even in the Coptic text is not explicitly Valentinian. This might mean that it predates the diffusion of Valentinian ideas from 140 on.

This all gives a date of between 120 and 170 (probably earlier than 170). Subjectively, I feel that around 130-150 would fit all of these pieces of data best.

If there is any raw data that I have missed, I'd be interested to hear of it.

All the best,

Roger Pearse
Did gnosticism start with Basilides, or is this a specific formulation?

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Group Profile

Name: Gnosticism

Founder: Some consider Simon Magus to be the Father of Gnosticism. However, Gnosticism has also been defined as a mystical religion said to be "as old as humanity itself."(Ellwood and Partin: 95-96) Gnostic beliefs can be "found in all religions and religious philosophies, from Upanishads to the wisdom of ancient Egypt, and from the Gathas of Zarathustra to the mystery-cults of Greece and Rome."(Ellwood and Partin: 96) There are others who say that Gnosticism was built upon the combined teachings of its important leaders. Some of these include Basilides, Valentinus, Marcion, Ptolemaeus, Cerinthus, Menander, Simon Magus, and Saturninus (Grant: 30-43).

What is Gnosticism: As noted, Gnosticism has been defined as a mystical religion (Ellwood and Partin: 96). It is a mixing of rites and myths from a variety of religious traditions, combining Occultism, Oriental Mysticism, astrology, magic, elements from Jewish tradition, Christian views of redemption, and even aspects of Plato's doctrine that man is not at home in the bodily realm (McManners: 26). Despite the fact that many Gnostic systems vary, they all have in common "a world view shaped by Hellenism and Neoplatism" and "esoteric Judaism, Zoroastrianism, and the ancient heritages of Egypt and Mesopotamia."(Ellwood and Partin: 92)
One can directly trace some of the individual aspects of Gnosticism to their roots. Their beliefs in the resurrection of the dead and dualism come from Iranian-Zoroastrian religious ideas (Rudolph: 282). Their communities are organized like the Hellenistic Mystery religions (Rudolph: 285). Orphism and Greek background influenced the Gnostic belief that the soul suffers in this world and it is fate that man should have to endure it. In turn, living a righteous life leads to salvation (Rudolph: 286).

Gnostics consider themselves "people in the know. [They] are the elect, their souls fragments of the divine, needing liberation from matter and the power of the planets." (McManners: 26) They believe that God is found in the self as well as outside the self (Ellwood and Partin: 96). The greatest hope for the Gnostic is to attain ultimate, first-hand knowledge so that they may be freed from this world and return to the world of God.


History: Gnosticism has changed over time and through different leaders, however it flourished during the first several centuries (Edwards). There were two major parts of Gnosticism: the Syrian Cult and the Alexandrian Cult. The Syrian Cult was led by Simon Magus, while the other was led by Basilides. Basilides impressed "Egyptian Hermetizism, Oriental occultism, Chaldean astrology, and Persian philosophy in his followers."(Davies) Also, his doctrines intertwined early Christianity and pagan mysteries (Davies). Aside from his Gnostic leadership Basilides remained a member of the church in Alexandria until he died (Eliade: 571).
When Basilides died, Valentinus took over leadership of Gnostics, incorporating some of his own ideas (Davies). He was born in Egypt, familiar with Greek culture, and was nearly a bishop (being passed up for a martyr). He then separated from the church (Foerster: 121). Valentinus incorporated the pleroma, or heavenly world, into Gnosticism. The pleroma consists of at least thirty aeons (worlds). He also believed that ignorance is the root of the world and if it no longer existed, the world would cease to exist (Foerster: 122).
http://religiousmovements.lib.virgin...nosticism.html
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Old 05-08-2006, 03:16 AM   #49
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He also believed that ignorance is the root of the world and if it no longer existed, the world would cease to exist
The Nine Billion Names of God: The Collected Stories of Arthur C. Clarke, 1951-1956 (or via: amazon.co.uk)


(Arthur C Clarke - Nine Billion Names of God!)
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Old 05-08-2006, 09:21 AM   #50
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I just want to raise a small protest against the start of gnosticism with Basilides. Valentinus can be placed slightly earlier and E. Pagels would place gnosticism even earlier than that. Seeing how gnosticism draws much from platonism it is reasonable to assume that gnosticism has been around since the beginning but probably not wearing christian clothes from day one.

Another issue regarding the Syriac tradition and GThomas. It would seem, based on peculiar similarities, that one must either have Tatian know of GoT or postulate an earlier shared source, possibly the Gospel to the Hebrews. I don't remember the specifics of this argument but I will dig it up if it becomes more relevant. Either way, I am favoring an early dating of the first version of GoT.

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