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#41 | |
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Theres been quite a bit published on this topic, but this review can serve as a jumping off point: Joyce GF. 2004. Directed evolution of nucleic acid enzymes. Annu Rev Biochem. 2004;73:791-836. Abstract: "Just as Darwinian evolution in nature has led to the development of many sophisticated enzymes, Darwinian evolution in vitro has proven to be a powerful approach for obtaining similar results in the laboratory. This review focuses on the development of nucleic acid enzymes starting from a population of random-sequence RNA or DNA molecules. In order to illustrate the principles and practice of in vitro evolution, two especially well-studied categories of catalytic nucleic acid are considered: RNA enzymes that catalyze the template-directed ligation of RNA and DNA enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of RNA. The former reaction, which involves attack of a 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl on the alpha-phosphate of a 5'-triphosphate, is more difficult. It requires a comparatively larger catalytic motif, containing more nucleotides than can be sampled exhaustively within a starting population of random-sequence RNAs. The latter reaction involves deprotonation of the 2'-hydroxyl adjacent to the cleavage site, resulting in cleaved products that bear a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-hydroxyl. The difficulty of this reaction, and therefore the complexity of the corresponding DNA enzyme, depends on whether a catalytic cofactor, such as a divalent metal cation or small molecule, is present in the reaction mixture." |
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#42 | ||||||||
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You don't get the point: Supernatural explanations are neither testable nor falsifiable. One can propose tens of thousands of supernatural explanations, but one will never know which one is the correct one. Thus they are simple worthless. This is the reason why science is limited to natural explanations. Quote:
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Some interesting arguments can be found here: http://www.infidels.org/library/mode...sm/design.html |
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#43 | |
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And since it was you who asked for a naturalist explanation, it is reasonable to ask how you define it - by asking how you define the opposite, that is supernaturalism. |
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#44 | |
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Just as you appear ignorant about the evidence for evolution, you are also showing that you are ignorant of modern physics. If you wish to discuss cosmology, you need to understand Quantum Mechanics, and some of the consequences of its nature. Most important are two simple concepts: uncaused events happen all the time, and matter can be spontaneously created out of vacuum. Let me repeat them, because these two ideas tend to destroy most creationist argument very quickly: uncaused events happen all the time, and matter can be spontaneously created out of vacuum. Now, if you want to diverge away from evolution into cosmology, we should probably start a new thread. ![]() |
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#45 | |
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#46 | |
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#47 | |
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Especially when one considers that nearly the totality of anti-evolution arguments, regardless of who is making them, are nothing BUT slamming evolution. They seem to think it a good line of argumentation. Then, they have nothing else to offer. |
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