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Old 11-16-2008, 03:13 AM   #11
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Yes.
You. Just then.

Well yours is the first time I've seen it anyway.
And I must admit it's an intersting idea. So if you pursue the idea via some research and find some info I 'd be interested in seeing it.
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Old 11-16-2008, 03:24 AM   #12
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Originally Posted by yalla View Post
Yes.
You. Just then.

Well yours is the first time I've seen it anyway.
And I must admit it's an intersting idea. So if you pursue the idea via some research and find some info I 'd be interested in seeing it.
:devil1:


I use a project management research technique of trying to collect anything and everything around a subject and then sifting it.

So in this brainstorming mode, first thing I googled was signs of the time - a comet is a very impressive sign by definition!

http://www.signstimes.com/

And lo and behold modern xians are always looking for signs.

The significance of the star in the Jesus birth stories is probably underplayed by us now because we know what comets are - we have even collected some samples from one!

But pre-enlightenment it probably was one of the key evidences of the truth of the son of god coming to save us story - the timeline issue was not a problem then - who has timelines in their heads - only a very few highly educated people.
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Old 11-16-2008, 03:36 AM   #13
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Other theories suggest that the star was in fact a comet. The famous Halley's Comet was visible in 12 BC and has sometimes been proposed as an explanation, but another object, possibly a comet or nova, seen by Chinese and Korean stargazers around 5 BC may be a better candidate.[32][34] This object was observed for over seventy days with no movement recorded.[32] Ancient writers described comets as "hanging over" specific cities, just as the Star of Bethlehem was said to have "stood over" the "place" where Jesus was (presumably the town of Bethlehem).[35] It is generally thought unlikely that a reference to a comet was intended, however, as comets were usually associated with death and disaster.[36]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_of_Bethlehem

Above is attempting to tie Jesus to the traditional dating. I see post destruction of Jerusalem dating of the gospels as far more viable and a confusion occurring about which Halley Comet return is thought significant.

I see a group of people who know of critical events - Augustus, Pilate, destruction of Jerusalem, Herod, Halley's comet, weaving together this stuff to transform a heavenly Christ into a Yahweh Joshua Annointed One Messiah.
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Old 11-16-2008, 04:09 AM   #14
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I'm currently reading Thomas Thompson's "The Messiah Myth" which has as its theme ..." the contemporary audience for whom the Old and New Testaments were written would naaturally have interpreted David and Jesus not as historical figures, but as metaphors embodying long-established messianic traditions" [from the blurb on the back of the book].
Thompson gives many numerous detailed examples of ancient texts from the immediate geographic region which illustrate motifs common to lots of these figures. Its an interesting read.
He does not claim that Dave and JC are direct plagiarisms, more that the motifs themes and literary material are all readily available by cultural osmosis. They are 'in the water' sort of.
So tying that idea with a comet flashing through the sky at a propitious time could lead us to suggest....
Well, all sorts of things. Possibilities.
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Old 11-16-2008, 06:25 AM   #15
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I'm currently reading Thomas Thompson's "The Messiah Myth" which has as its theme ..." the contemporary audience for whom the Old and New Testaments were written would naaturally have interpreted David and Jesus not as historical figures, but as metaphors embodying long-established messianic traditions" [from the blurb on the back of the book].
Thompson gives many numerous detailed examples of ancient texts from the immediate geographic region which illustrate motifs common to lots of these figures. Its an interesting read.
He does not claim that Dave and JC are direct plagiarisms, more that the motifs themes and literary material are all readily available by cultural osmosis. They are 'in the water' sort of.
So tying that idea with a comet flashing through the sky at a propitious time could lead us to suggest....
Well, all sorts of things. Possibilities.
Considering Jesus is the most blatant self fulfilling prophecy in The Bible, he was bound to turn up sooner or later, even if he didn't turn up, the number of references to the anointed one coming in the OT are quite substantial. This is one of the areas they got the story for The Life of Brian from:

BRIAN: I'm not the Messiah!

Fanatic: Only the true messiah would deny his divinity...

BRIAN: Well what chance does that give me! Oh alright I am the Messiah!

Fanatical crowd: The Messiah! The Messiah!

Fanatic with the one true lords shoe: Follow the Shoe!

Fanatic with the one true Gourd: No the Gourd!

That at the time everyone was waiting for someone who fitted the story no matter how loosely. He's kind of like Robin Hood, some person writes a fictional account of life under the Normans and centuries later someone tries to suggest he actually existed. Did he though? I'm not so sure you can prove it?
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Old 11-16-2008, 08:02 AM   #16
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Chances are the "Roman" historian wasn't Josephus, although he was granted Roman citizenship by emperor Vespasian. The passage where Jesus is mentioned in his Antiquties of the Jews is presently under a cloud, and most critics think it was partly, if not wholly, an interpolation inserted by a copyist or editor.

Instead, I'd recommend Tacitus.

The four, yes a total of four, historical references to Jesus from just three non-Christian sources within 100 years of his reputed time are as follows:

Ca. 95 CE. Josephus, Antiquities, 18.3.3.

Now, there was about this time Jesus, a wise man, if it be lawful to call him a man, for he was a doer of wonderful works, a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure. He drew over to him both many of the Jews, and many of the Gentiles. He was [the] Christ. And when Pilate, at the suggestion of the principal men amongst us, had condemned him to the cross, those that loved him at the first did not forsake him; for he appeared to them alive again the third day; as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other wonderful things concerning him. And the tribe of Christians, so named from him, are not extinct at this day. [Probable interpolation, in whole or at least in part]

Ca. 115-120 CE. Tacitus Annals, lib. xv. cap. 44. or

Nero, in order to stifle the rumour, [as if he himself had set Rome on fire,] ascribed it to those people who were hated for their wicked practices, and called by the vulgar “Christians”: these he punished exquisitely. The author of this name was Christ, who, in the reign of Tiberius, was brought to punishment by Pontius Pilate the procurator. But in spite of this temporary setback the deadly superstition had broken out afresh, not only in Judaea (where the mischief had started) but even in Rome. All degraded and shameful practices collect and flourish in the capital.

Ca. 119-122 CE. Suetonius, Life of Claudius, 25.

Because the Jews at Rome caused continuous disturbances at the instigation of Chrestus, he [Claudius, ca. 41-54 CE] expelled them from the city. [Chrestus may be a distortion of Jesus' title among Christians, or someone else entirely - it was a common slave name, or as I've suggested refers to a drug Chreston believed to cause people to become bewitched]

Ca. 119-122 CE. Suetonius, Life of Nero, 16.

[After the great fire of Rome, ca. 62 CE] Punishment was inflicted on the Christians, a class of men addicted to a novel and mischievous superstition. [Usually taken as a reference to "our" Christians, but I have suggested this could also be a generic title for Jewish messianists or nationalists in general]

There you go. Check into Ben Smith's Test Excavation website for detailed texts on the subject.

http://www.textexcavation.com/josephustestimonium.html

DCH

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Originally Posted by David M. Payne View Post
I can't remember his name, but I know he was talking second hand about Jesus as he was around a fair amount of time after Jesus was susposed to live and die.

David
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Old 11-16-2008, 08:07 AM   #17
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Originally Posted by Clivedurdle View Post
Has anyone proposed that Halley's comet, the destruction of Jerusalem and the wondrous religio political context led to the birth of xianity?
Not that I'm aware of, but I have seen it argued that the fall of the temple was the spark that lit Christianity.

I've speculated here that the gospel story was set exactly 1 generation prior to the fall for symbolic propaganda reasons rather than historical reasons. I think the Jesus in the gospels might be a metaphor for the Jewish people. His death and resurrection symbolize a new Judaism (Christianity) arising from the crucifixion (humiliating defeat) of the old Judaism....all speculation mind you.
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Old 11-16-2008, 08:09 AM   #18
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Originally Posted by DCHindley View Post
The four, yes a total of four, historical references to Jesus from just three non-Christian sources within 100 years of his reputed time are as follows:
...
What about the "James the brother of Jesus, called Christ" reference also in Josephus?
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Old 11-16-2008, 09:05 AM   #19
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I suppose. This is along the same lines as Suetonius' second citation. Josephus says a certain man names James (Jacob) was tried by the Jewish high priest Ananus, and that he was brother of Jesus "called Christ." "Christ" means "anointed one" and can refer to a king or high priest. The Jewish state had been run by both at some point or another in the past, and there were a number of former high priests alive at the time, some named Jesus, and the one who replaced Ananus was named Jesus. I personally think this citation is a scribal comment or marginal note that was incorporated into the text.

But, for thoroughness sake, here it is:

Ca. 95 CE. Josephus, Antiquities, 20.9.1.

And now Cæsar, upon hearing of the death of [the governor] Festus, sent Albinus into Judea, as procurator. But the king deprived Joseph of the high priesthood, and bestowed the succession to that dignity on the son of Ananus, who was also himself called Ananus. Now the report goes, that this elder Ananus proved a most fortunate man; for he had five sons, who had all performed the office of a high priest to God, and he had himself enjoyed that dignity a long time formerly, which had never happened to any other of our high priests. But this younger Ananus, who, as we have told you already, took the high priesthood, was a bold man in his temper, and very insolent; he was also of the sect of the Sadducees,1 who are very rigid in judging offenders above all the rest of the Jews, as we have already observed: when, therefore, Ananus was of this disposition, be thought he had now a proper opportunity [to exercise his authority.] Festus was now dead, and Albinus was but upon the road; so he assembled the Sanhedrim of judges, and brought before then the brother of Jesus, who was called Christ, whose name was James, and some others, [or, some of his companions.] And when he had formed an accusation against them as breakers of the law, he delivered them to be stoned; but as for those who seemed the most equitable of the citizens, and such as were the most uneasy at the breach of the laws, they disliked what was done; they also sent to the king, [Agrippa] desiring him to send to Ananus that he should act so no more, for that what he had already done was not to be justified: nay, some of them went also to meet Albinus, as he was upon his journey from Alexandria, and informed him that it was not lawful for Ananus to assemble a Sanhedrim without his consent. Whereupon Albinus complied with what they said, and wrote in anger to Ananus, and threatened that he would bring him to punishment for what he had done; on which king Agrippa took the high priesthood from him, when he had ruled but three months, and made Jesus the son of Damneus high priest. [Against the idea that this Jesus who was brother of James was the Jesus Christ, of Christian fame, was that the Christian account of James death is under quite different circumstances - more like a lynching - see the account of Hegesippus at
http://www.textexcavation.com/documents/hindleyref.html]

DCH

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Quote:
Originally Posted by DCHindley View Post
The four, yes a total of four, historical references to Jesus from just three non-Christian sources within 100 years of his reputed time are as follows:
...
What about the "James the brother of Jesus, called Christ" reference also in Josephus?
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Old 11-16-2008, 12:03 PM   #20
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Originally Posted by Clivedurdle View Post
Has anyone proposed that Halley's comet, the destruction of Jerusalem and the wondrous religio political context led to the birth of xianity?
Not that I'm aware of, but I have seen it argued that the fall of the temple was the spark that lit Christianity.

I've speculated here that the gospel story was set exactly 1 generation prior to the fall for symbolic propaganda reasons rather than historical reasons. I think the Jesus in the gospels might be a metaphor for the Jewish people. His death and resurrection symbolize a new Judaism (Christianity) arising from the crucifixion (humiliating defeat) of the old Judaism....all speculation mind you.
Similarly and along these same lines, it is my speculation, one I'm quite persuaded of, is that the genesis of the NT story arose from messianic Jewish midrash that was inclusive of the Books of Maccabees, while under they were undergoing similar pressures and circumstances during the 1st century C.E.

From an earlier thread about "names".

Quote:
Originally Posted by Sheshbazzar
Having just reviewed all of the threads that Toto referenced above, I recalled something that I had read long ago, that seems to me to have a certain bearing on this subject, although I've I have never seen it brought up anywhere before.
Perhaps because most never get around to reading or much discussion of the non-canonical books.
Quote:
Originally Posted by 2 Maccabees
Beginning at 2 Maccabees 13:9

9. Now the king came with a barbarous and haughty mind to do far
worse to the Jews, than had been done in his father's time.
10. Which things when Judas perceived, he commanded the multitude
to call upon **** night and day, that if ever at any other
time, He would now also help them, being at the point to be put
from their law, from their country, and from the holy temple:

11. And that He would not suffer the people, that had even now
been but a little refreshed, to be in subjection to the
blasphemous nations.

12. So when they had all done this together, and besought the
merciful El with weeping and fasting, and lying flat upon the
ground three days long, Judas, having exhorted them, commanded
they should be in a readiness.
13. And Judas, being apart with the elders, determined, before
the king's host should enter into Judea, and get the city, to go
forth and try the matter in fight by "The HELP of ****."
14. So when he had committed all to the Creator of the world, and
exhorted his soldiers to fight manfully, even unto death, for
the laws
, the temple, the city, the country, and the commonwealth, he camped by Modin:
15. And having given "The WATCHWORD" to them that were about him; "VICTORY is of ***"; with the most valiant and choice young men he went in into the king's tent by night, and slew in the camp about four thousand men, and the chiefest of the elephants, with all that were upon him.
empathises mine
Quote:


First I would like to direct your attention to the strong desire to protect Jewish nationalism that is an integral element of this narrative, and is being expressed in the phrases used in the 10th, 11th, and 14th verses above;
" being at the point to be put from their law, from their country, and from the holy temple:"
and;
"to be in subjection to the blasphemous nations."
Although the texts we have are from the Greek, a very strong pro-Jewish/Hebrew cultural sentiment is evidenced throughout, and basically consists of a record of the attempts of the Jewish people to preserve their own culture, religion, traditions, (and speech) from being wholly overwhelmed by "the blasphemous nations." or as both text and history indicates, the Greeks and sprawling Hellenic civilization with its attendant "Hellenization" of everything in its domain.

Now on to this "WATCHWORD" matter, it could well have been the genesis of an ongoing expectation of divine "HELP", "SAFETY" and "VICTORY". And of a "WATCHWORD" that would ultimately be transitioned into a "NAME" that "SAVES" or promises "VICTORY" and "TRIUMPH" over all of Israel's adversaries.
Such a "watchword" as pronounced in Hebrew, would likely correspond quite closely with some form of the Hebrew name "YAHshua" or "YAH'oshua".

Now none of this is at all intended to imply that any such individual ever need have existed, but serves only as an explanation of how a natural transition from an iconic Jewish/Hebrew "watchword" into an ideal "Name" for the expected Messiah could well have occurred, one that would have been eagerly accepted and employed by those among the nationalistic Hebrew speaking Jews with strong Messianic expectations.

There are many "undercurrents" within the NT texts that suggest the name of the messiah is a "watchword", and that that name contained a theophonic element;
"For whosoever shall call upon the name....." (Joel 2:32, Acts 2:21, Romans 10:13) and more.
"Whosoever" is all inclusive, thus a particular "name" being used as a "watchword" would correspond to the ancient "shibboleth" password; Thus, admit or exclude, pass or fail, life or death, "salvation" or destruction.
Also at this time, I'll include more of the same from 2 Maccabees 8
Quote:
Originally Posted by 2 Maccabees 8
1. Then Judas Maccabeus, and they that were with him, went privily into the towns, and called their kinsfolks together, and took unto them all such as continued in the Jews' religion, and assembled about six thousand men.
2. And they called upon ****, that He would look upon the people that was trodden down of all; and also pity the temple profaned of ungodly men;
3. And that He would have compassion upon the city, sore defaced, and ready to be made even with the ground; and hear the blood that cried unto Him,
4. And remember the wicked slaughter of harmless infants, and the blasphemies committed against His Name; and that He would shew His hatred against the wicked.
5. Now when Maccabeus had his company about him, he could not be withstood by the heathen: for the wrath of **** was turned into mercy.
6. Therefore he came at unawares, and burnt up towns and cities, and got into his hands the most commodious places, and overcame and put to flight no small number of his enemies.
7. But specially took he advantage of the night for such privy attempts, insomuch that the fruit of his holiness was spread every where.
8. So when Philip saw that this man increased by little and little, and that things prospered with him still more and more, he wrote unto Ptolemeus, the governor of Celosyria and Phenice, to yield more aid to the king's affairs.
9. Then forthwith choosing Nicanor the son of Patroclus, one of his special friends, he sent him with no fewer than twenty thousand of all nations under him, to root out the whole generation of the Jews; and with him he joined also Gorgias a captain, who in matters of war had great experience.
10. So Nicanor undertook to make so much money of the captive Jews, as should defray the tribute of two thousand talents, which the king was to pay to the Romans.
11 Wherefore immediately he sent to the cities upon the sea coast, proclaiming a sale of the captive Jews, and promising that they should have fourscore and ten bodies for one talent, not expecting the vengeance that was to follow upon him from Almighty ****.
12. Now when word was brought unto Judas of Nicanor's coming, and he had imparted unto those that were with him that the army was at hand,
13. They that were fearful, and distrusted the justice of ****, fled, and conveyed themselves away.
14. Others sold all that they had left, and withal besought **** to deliver them, sold by the wicked Nicanor before they met together:
15. And if not for their own sakes, yet for the covenants He had made with their fathers, and for His holy and glorious Name's sake, by which they were called.
16. So Maccabeus called his men together unto the number of six thousand, and exhorted them not to be stricken with terror of the enemy, nor to fear the great multitude of the heathen, who came wrongly against them; but to fight manfully,
17. And to set before their eyes the injury that they had unjustly done to the Holy place, and the cruel handling of the city, whereof they made a mockery, and also the taking away of the government of their forefathers:
18. For they, said he, trust in their weapons and boldness; but our confidence is in the Almighty who at a beck can cast down both them that come against us, and also all the world.
19. Moreover, he recounted unto them what help their forefathers had found, and how they were delivered, when under Sennacherib an hundred fourscore and five thousand perished.
20. And he told them of the battle that they had in Babylon with the Galatians, how they came but eight thousand in all to the business, with four thousand Macedonians, and that the Macedonians being perplexed, the eight thousand destroyed an hundred and twenty thousand because of the help that they had from heaven, and so received a great booty.
21. Thus when he had made them bold with these words, and ready to die for the law and the country, he divided his army into four parts;
22. And joined with himself his own brethren, leaders of each band, to wit Simon, and Joseph, and Jonathan, giving each one fifteen hundred men.
23. Also he appointed Eleazar to read the Holy Book: and when he had given them this "watchword", "the HELP of ****"; himself leading the first band,
24. And by "The HELP of ****" they slew above nine thousand of their enemies, and wounded and maimed the most part of Nicanor's host, and so put all to flight;
25. And took their money that came to buy them, and pursued them far: but lacking time they returned:
26. For it was the day before the sabbath, and therefore they would no longer pursue them.
27. So when they had gathered their armour together, and spoiled their enemies, they occupied themselves about the sabbath, yielding exceeding praise and thanks to ****, who had preserved them unto that day, which was the beginning of mercy distilling upon them.
28. And after the sabbath, when they had given part of the spoils to the maimed, and the widows, and orphans, the residue they divided among themselves and their servants.
29. When this was done, and they had made a common supplication, they besought the merciful El to be reconciled with his servants for ever.
30. Moreover of those that were with Timotheus and Bacchides, who fought against them, they slew above twenty thousand, and very easily got high and strong holds, and divided among themselves many spoils more, and made the maimed, orphans, widows, yea, and the aged also, equal in spoils with themselves.
31. And when they had gathered their armour together, they laid them up all carefully in convenient places, and the remnant of the spoils they brought to Jerusalem.
32. They slew also Philarches, that wicked person, who was with Timotheus, and had annoyed the Jews many ways.
33. Furthermore at such time as they kept the feast for the "victory" in their country they burnt Callisthenes, that had set fire upon the holy gates, who had fled into a little house; and so he received a reward meet for his wickedness.
34. As for that most ungracious Nicanor, who had brought a thousand merchants to buy the Jews,
35. He was through the "HELP of ****" brought down by them, of whom he made least account; and putting off his glorious apparel, and discharging his company, he came like a fugitive servant through the midland unto Antioch having very great dishonour, for that his host was destroyed.
36. Thus he, that took upon him to make good to the Romans their tribute by means of captives in Jerusalem, told abroad, that the Jews had Elohim to fight for them, and therefore they could not be hurt, because they followed the laws that He gave them.
emphasis supplied.

In my view, James, Peter and the other Jerusalem Nazarene pillars created the NT stories in typical Jewish midrashim fashion, with the intent of preserving and promoting a continuing Jewish perspective and pride in The Law and in their ancient and traditional culture which was in danger of becoming totally overwhelmed by, and subjugated under the steamroller of Hellenism., "Saul" or "Paul" of Tarsus and his traveling companions would have been encouraged by the Jerusalem "Pillars" to preach this particular "password" and "name" in the Synagogues throughout the Diaspora.
Of course the ways, influences, and the "names" of the Hellenism did triumph (or did they?) and as yet prevail.

It is my conviction that the final chapter on this subject remains yet to be written, and is being written, as mankind finally awakens to a recognition just what it was that did actually transpire in those days, and as increasing knowledge and examination finally bares X-ianity for what it really is.
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