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Old 11-26-2007, 01:05 PM   #91
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Thank you Andrew for this. No, I can't provide chapter and verse on this, since I've never looked at it in great detail. But the assertion was that all these schools taught universalism. Whereas (iirc) even Origen did not do so; it was merely inferred from his works, after his death, that he did.

All the best,

Roger Pearse
Well perhaps the situation is uncertain but I'm not sure how we can say that Origen did not do so (or perhaps even did do so) but we do have Clement of Alexandria taking this position there before Origen.

I am not sure how one can conclude what all of these schools taught with any certainty (perhaps there is more info we are not aware of).

I think your original assertion..."2. Check whether the statement is true. (It isn't)." might need be tempered a little for the moment.
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Old 11-27-2007, 05:45 AM   #92
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To try to get back to the OP, in addition to looking at uses of the word "gospel", you should consider writers who quote verses that could have come from a gospel. Maybe others can improve on this list, but to the best of my memory:

1 Clement - c. 90 AD - Ambiguous. Uses some phrases that could be gospel quotes or could be sayings in general circulation.


Ignatius - c. 110 AD - Ambiguous. Uses numerous phrases that could be gospel quotes or could be sayings in general circulation.


Didache - 1st-2nd century - Ambiguous. Cites the Lord's Prayer, saying to recite it "as the Lord commanded in his gospel", but since this is a composite document, portions of which were written at different times, it's hard to say how early this reference is, or if it was from a gospel or from oral tradition.


Barnabas - late 1st-early 2nd century - Ambiguous. Uses a few phrases that could be gospel quotes or could be sayings in general circulation.

And then there are numerous Christian writings, like the Shepherd of Hermas, that DON'T quote the gospels at all.
I have been thinking that these phrases or sayings as the case may be represent part of the oral tradition around the Jesus story rather than quotes from a finished book or recognized work? I suppose there is even a chance that the gospels were written using these very oral traditions rather than any more first person or direct information.


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So, there is SOME support here for a knowledge of the gospels among early Christians, but it's not very strong. Certainly, there is no evidence that ALL early Christians considered the gospels authoritative, or central to their beliefs, or thought they were written by eyewitnesses (when 1 Clement describes the apostles traveling and teaching, he doesn't mention any of them writing anything).
Thanks for this good summary.

I re-read Richard Carrier's essy on the NT canon yesterday (on this site library) & it does address this question quite well.

-evan
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Old 12-03-2007, 12:02 PM   #93
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Marcion wrote both Paul and Luke?

The ealiest reference to a form of Luke seems to be in the hands of Marcion. This may even be the case for the Pauline epistles, (if, as I favor, Clement is spurious), as well. Marcion's Apostolicon (sp?) seems to have been the impetus for the development of the Christian canon.

It is possible that Galatians, in it's original form, was a product of Marcion or his circle.
[/QUOTE]

Can you comment further on the reliability of Clements' quoting of sayings of Jesus & why you believe that he is "spurious"?

-evan
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Old 12-03-2007, 12:15 PM   #94
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Back to the OP....

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Where do authors like Wright et al get the idea that the early church used or was even aware of the gospels and the HJ?
The fact that authors like Strobel don't bother to really explain it should answer your question. Usually, if they have sources at all, they usually lead nowhere. The reader is expected to take it on faith.

Welcome, and thanks for posting your story Evan.
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Old 12-04-2007, 04:08 AM   #95
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Marcion wrote both Paul and Luke?

The ealiest reference to a form of Luke seems to be in the hands of Marcion. This may even be the case for the Pauline epistles, (if, as I favor, Clement is spurious), as well. Marcion's Apostolicon (sp?) seems to have been the impetus for the development of the Christian canon.

It is possible that Galatians, in it's original form, was a product of Marcion or his circle.
Can you comment further on the reliability of Clements' quoting of sayings of Jesus & why you believe that he is "spurious"?

-evan
Sure, based on form, fit and function, the letter portrays a later stage of Church development then the period to which it has "historically" been ascribed. Thus creating anachronisms that would place this book later into the 2nd century, perhaps as late as the second half of that century.




There is a good article here:

Der erste Clemensbrief und die Ignatianen in der Holländischen Radikalkritik
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Old 12-04-2007, 05:23 AM   #96
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After telling my family that I have little use for Josh McDowell's or Lee Strobel's manipulative half-truths and fallacious arguments, I have been given a few books by NT Wright (He is new to me).
NT Wright is in a different league to McDowell and Strobel. You mention Simply Christian; what are the other books of his that you've been given?

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I have been reading his book "Simply Christian - Why Christianity Makes Sense (or via: amazon.co.uk)" and finding the arguments he makes to be quite uncompelling and not supported by any references or outside sources...
To be fair, this is one of Wright's popularist works, hence the lack of references; his bulkier, more systematic works (e.g. "The New Testament and the People of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", "Jesus and the Victory of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", and "The Resurrection of the Son of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", which together form one argument) are carefully referenced.
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Old 12-04-2007, 09:56 AM   #97
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Can you comment further on the reliability of Clements' quoting of sayings of Jesus & why you believe that he is "spurious"?

-evan
Sure, based on form, fit and function, the letter portrays a later stage of Church development then the period to which it has "historically" been ascribed. Thus creating anachronisms that would place this book later into the 2nd century, perhaps as late as the second half of that century.




There is a good article here:

Der erste Clemensbrief und die Ignatianen in der Holländischen Radikalkritik
Thanks for your comments Dog-on. That article was quite helpful and gives a good case for the later dating...it's interesting to see how fragile the case for an early gospel dating really is. :wide:

-evan
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Old 12-04-2007, 09:59 AM   #98
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Back to the OP....

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Originally Posted by eheffa View Post
Where do authors like Wright et al get the idea that the early church used or was even aware of the gospels and the HJ?
The fact that authors like Strobel don't bother to really explain it should answer your question. Usually, if they have sources at all, they usually lead nowhere. The reader is expected to take it on faith.

Welcome, and thanks for posting your story Evan.
Yes. "The virtue of faith." Another of my childhood axioms in shards on the floor. Thank goodness - I think.

-evan
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Old 12-04-2007, 10:05 AM   #99
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After telling my family that I have little use for Josh McDowell's or Lee Strobel's manipulative half-truths and fallacious arguments, I have been given a few books by NT Wright (He is new to me).
NT Wright is in a different league to McDowell and Strobel. You mention Simply Christian; what are the other books of his that you've been given?
Another title on "Evil..." but I can't recall the exact title

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Originally Posted by eheffa View Post
I have been reading his book "Simply Christian - Why Christianity Makes Sense (or via: amazon.co.uk)" and finding the arguments he makes to be quite uncompelling and not supported by any references or outside sources...
To be fair, this is one of Wright's popularist works, hence the lack of references; his bulkier, more systematic works (e.g. "The New Testament and the People of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", "Jesus and the Victory of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", and "The Resurrection of the Son of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", which together form one argument) are carefully referenced.
Thanks for the suggestions. I want to keep an open mind and so I should perhaps look for these. I may, but I am becoming less eager to re-read the the same arguments that I find are ultimately based on doubtful premises...For example, my red warning flags go up when people use Josephus unquestioningly as support for the Historical Jesus.

Does Wright bring any more compelling arguments to the question in these more exhaustive texts?

-evan
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Old 12-06-2007, 05:30 AM   #100
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You mention Simply Christian; what are the other books of his that you've been given?
Another title on "Evil..." but I can't recall the exact title
Not one I know; he's written a lot.

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To be fair, this is one of Wright's popularist works, hence the lack of references; his bulkier, more systematic works (e.g. "The New Testament and the People of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", "Jesus and the Victory of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", and "The Resurrection of the Son of God (or via: amazon.co.uk)", which together form one argument) are carefully referenced.
Thanks for the suggestions. I want to keep an open mind and so I should perhaps look for these. I may, but I am becoming less eager to re-read the the same arguments that I find are ultimately based on doubtful premises...For example, my red warning flags go up when people use Josephus unquestioningly as support for the Historical Jesus.

Does Wright bring any more compelling arguments to the question in these more exhaustive texts?
If you want a direct assessment of the idea that there was no historical Jesus, looking particularly at early extra-biblical references to him, then these books aren't what you're after. They engage and critique mainstream New Testament scholarship (liberal and conservative, past and present), but not minority views such as the Christ-myth view.

That doesn't necessarily mean that they wouldn't help you to answer your questions (one way or the other). In your OP, you referred to "discovering that the apologetic arguments for the gospels' historicity and accuracy are seemingly very tenuous". This sounds to me like frustration which a particular branch of Christian scholarship, and not the most defensible branch. It's one one thing to say that the Bible isn't what Christian apologists or Christian ministers say it is, but quite another to say that it isn't what Christian theologians say it is (not that all apologists, or ministers, or theologians are alike, but I hope you get my point).

If I were reassessing my beliefs as I approached 50, I think I'd want to look at views in the middle of the religious spectrum as well as those at the two extremes. If you have the patience to tackle Wright's works referenced above (be warned, they're substantial), then you'll get a fair representation of how a respected theologian handles the gospels and comes out with a Christian Christology, and of what a Christian Christology based on sophisticated (but mainstream) New Testament scholarship looks like (hint: it doesn't involve biblical inerrancy).

If that isn't what you're after, and you just want a more detailed look at early extra-biblical references to Jesus, then you may find Murray J. Harris, "References to Jesus in Early Classical Authors", in Gospel Perspectives Vol V worth a look. It defends the conservative line in a bit more depth than some other discussions.

- Tim
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