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Old 03-02-2004, 06:46 PM   #71
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GakuseiDon
If Doherty-ites left it at that, I wouldn't have a problem. But they don't. For example, in the veneration debate thread, MJers were saying that if there were a HJ, there should have been veneration sites. In that case, I quite naturally asked why weren't there veneration sites for a MJer, centered on the locations of the visions of Jesus described in the Gospels.
Thanks for the response.

I believe that Doherty asks (and quite rightfully) why weren't sites such as Calvary and the tomb not become veneration sites.

You can ask the same question about a MJ but surely you can see the difference. The place where Jesus rose from the dead is far more important to believers than the exact place where the MJ appeared to Paul on the road to Damascus.


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So where did Paul get his information from, then? For example, the teaching on divorce that he attributes to Jesus. Was it from a vision? Also the gospel message itself - the crucifixion, burial and resurrection.
From what Paul himself says, it comes from scriptures and a sense of inspiration.

This reminds me of something Layman said.
Layman claims that people in those days did not create myth from scriptures. Rather they interpreted historical events using scriptures.

I was planning to start a thread of this very subject.
Basically I wanted to list all the things that Paul tells us about Jesus which are clearly not historical. I did not have time to make a complete list but let me give you what I can come up with just now from memory.

Paul tells us that Jesus was given the title of Son of God when he returned to heaven (See Romans 1 and confirmed by Hebrews 1)
This happened in heaven so we are not talking history. I throw the question back at you how does Paul know this. Also please do explain why the Gospels says otherwise.

Paul tells us God will subjugate all enemies under Jesus' feet.
This is a future event which refers to a verse in a Psalm.

Paul tells us that a secret. We will not all die. First the dead in Jesus will resurrect then we who are still alive and the resurrected will join Jesus in the clouds and be with Jesus forever.
Where did Paul get this?

Paul tells us about the resurrected body. A notion which is very different and contrary to the Gospels description of Jesus' resurrected body. Where did Paul get this? Not from the Gospels.

Paul tells us that Jesus was sent by God to undo some error Adam had committed in the Garden of Eden.
Clearly Paul invented this from reading the OT. Neither the Gospels nor anybody else gives any clues that this was Jesus' mission.

Paul tells us that Jesus created the whole world. (same as John 1)
Genesis has Yahweh or Elohim creating the world.
I can guess at what Paul means but even then this is not interpretation of history. Paul is creating myth.

There are more.

So much for Layman and the claim of historical interpretation.
Paul is a myth maker or myth merchant.

Back to your question - where did Paul get all this stuff.

I suspect that some of it was already in place when Paul arrived on the scene. Some of it comes from scriptures as Paul himself says.
Since all Christians of the time believed in personal revelation as opposed to strict apostolic tradition then Paul felt free to add to the myth according to his newly found angelic mood (inspiration).

If that is not the case then please explain the points above.
Where did they come from?

Why should I believe, as your question seems to imply, that a few points which do concur with the Gospels establish historicity when so many other points do not?
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Old 03-02-2004, 08:58 PM   #72
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Sometimes all of us have an inability to distinguish between raw tripe and cotton candy.

The Myth-History Equivalence Theorem:

"Everything that applies to a myth also applies to history"


This is not cotton candy.
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Old 03-02-2004, 11:33 PM   #73
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GakuseiDon

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In that case, I quite naturally asked why weren't there veneration sites for a MJer, centered on the locations of the visions of Jesus described in the Gospels.
Vork
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A helluva good question. Veneration applies to either HJ or MJ sites. How come I never saw that before?
Is it only me who can appreciate Vork's sarcasm?

Gregg
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Or, I see them hammering at a sentence or two where Doherty seems to have carried his enthusiasm too far, or made a misstatement,
Gregg, why not just give us a few examples of these misstatements or enthusiasm carried too far and drop the patronising attitude?
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Old 03-03-2004, 01:51 AM   #74
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Originally posted by Jacob Aliet
Gregg, why not just give us a few examples of these misstatements or enthusiasm carried too far and drop the patronising attitude?
GakDon quoted this from Doherty:
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We are similarly assured (or at least it is unquestioningly assumed) that "Lord" must be referring to Jesus, and not to God.
and stated,
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Again, that seems weak, esp as Paul starts Gal with "Peace to you from God the Father and our Lord Jesus Christ". So Paul is distinguishing them just before Gal 1:19. For "Lord" to suddenly be referring to God rather than Jesus seems a very weak objection. Is this convincing, IYO?
Although it's certainly possible that the opening of Paul's letter was subject to later editing, I don't think Doherty suggests this. I agree with Don, this is a weak argument on Doherty's part--I think he goes a little too far in his efforts to show that "the Lord's brother" doesn't have to mean sibling. The problem I have is that Don seems to be trying to imply that because this one specific argument is weak, Doherty's entire case is weak. But leave that argument out, and Doherty's case against "the Lord's brother" referring to a sibling is still strong--even stronger, IMO, with the single dubious argument eliminated.

Of course, Don regards the other aspects of Doherty's "brother" argument as "weak" and "unconvincing" also. What is consistently ignored is that Doherty doesn't intend for the argument to be convincing and conclusive in and of itself. Doherty's case is cumulative. He isn't trying to prove that "the Lord's brother" doesn't refer to a sibling--he's trying to show that there's no reason that it MUST refer to a sibling, and he does this quite effectively. When you combine this with all the OTHER evidence he presents to support a non-historical Jesus, the burden shifts to the HJers to show why we should believe Paul is using "brother" in a sibling sense in this particular verse when he doesn't use it that way anywhere else.
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Old 03-03-2004, 05:34 AM   #75
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Its amazing that you state that Doherty's case is cumulative yet are satisfied to use one passage to challenge his arguments.

Just to be clear:

1. It is simplistic to attempt to challenge Doherty's arguments regarding Paul's usage of the word "Lord" using one passage alone. Doherty's argument is built on several Pauline epistles including the OT.
GakuseiDon has not given his translation but if we are to use only one passage (as you have), here is the same passage and there is no usage of the title "Lord" in reference to Jesus.

Galatians 1 :: New International Version - UK (NIV-UK)

Quote:
1 Paul, an apostle--sent not from men nor by man, but by Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised him from the dead--
And this is just one translation out of over 15 of them.

2. Its also obvious that (a) the author of the epistles used the word ambiguously or that (b) after the interpolations/emendations, the usage of the word "Lord" is rendered ambiguous.

3. The ambiguity in (2) above is solved when one examines Paul's usage of the word "Lord" in other passages like Ephesians and in Corinthians to refer to God.

For example:
From 200 Missing References to the Gospel Jesus in the New Testament Epistles

Colossians 3:12-14

12Therefore, as God’s chosen people, holy and dearly loved, clothe yourselves with compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience. 13Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have against one another. Forgive as the Lord forgave you. 14And over all these virtues put on love, which binds them all together in perfect unity. [NIV]

Doherty: What perversity could have led all the epistle writers to speak in terms of the qualities Jesus was reputed to have possessed on earth, to speak of the teachings he was recorded to have spoken, and yet consistently fail to make even a passing attribution of such things to him?
Does "the Lord" in verse 13 refer to God or to Christ? The Expositor’s Greek Testament observes that "there is no reason for referring kurios to God, since Jesus when on earth forgave sins." But that is reading the Gospels into it, and in fact here the term is almost certainly a reference to God. Not only has the writer just spoken of God in the preceding verse, he speaks of God forgiving the readers’ sins in 2:13. Even 1:14 has God doing the forgiving of sins "in the Son," the same idea as that expressed in Ephesians 4:32. One might also point out that since Jesus on no occasion forgave the sins of the Colossians, the writer would not have tended to express it thus. Jesus’ sacrifice made forgiveness possible, but its source was God.


Another example

Ephesians 2:20-21

You are built upon the foundation laid by the apostles and prophets, and Christ Jesus himself is the foundation-stone. In him the whole building is bonded together and grows into a holy temple in the Lord. [NEB]

Doherty: A telling omission here. The foundation of Christian belief and the movement itself is the work of apostles and prophets like Paul. This entirely ignores the career of Jesus himself. Christ Jesus as the "foundation stone" is simply the object of the faith laid by the apostles. If Jesus of Nazareth had lived and begun the movement in his name, no Christian writer could have failed to designate Jesus as the initial, primary builder of the church. And where is Jesus’ own quote of Psalm 118:22, referring to himself: "the stone which the builders rejected has become the main cornerstone," as recorded in Mark 12:10?

And many other examples are available.

The solution to the ambiguity is that Paul, especially in passages wherein he borrows from the OT, refers to God as Lord. The later christians, undoubtedly influenced by the Gospel stories, amended several passages to refer to Jesus as Lord.

Paul's self-treatment as equal to the apostles as explained by Doherty below leaves no room that by "Lord", Jesus meant Lord.

Quote:
That this is the universal standard is clear from 2 Corinthians 10:18. Paul declares: “It is not the man who recommends himself, but the man whom the Lord recommends.� There is no suggestion of a separate basis of authority or pre-eminence based on having known and been chosen by a Jesus on earth. Here “Lord� refers to God (cf. 3:4-6), which is in keeping with the way Paul regularly expresses himself about his call to preach the gospel. Acts has so imposed on Christian consciousness the legend of the dramatic event on the road to Damascus that it comes as a surprise that Paul nowhere refers to such an experience. (Note that Paul’s vision of the Christ mentioned in 1 Corinthians 15:8 is not described as a conversion experience, and the Damascus road event is notably missing in his reference to “visions and revelations� in 2 Corinthians 12:1f.)

In fact, Paul consistently tells us that it was God himself who called him to be an apostle. In 1 Corinthians 1:1, “the will and call of God� has led him to preach. In 1 Thessalonians 2:4, he is “approved by God.� It is God, in 2 Corinthians 3:6, who qualified Paul to dispense his new covenant, God’s actions which made him an apostle to the gentiles in Galatians 2:8. (Those same actions of God also made Peter an apostle to the Jews!) As for his knowledge of the Christ, Paul tells his readers in Galatians 1:16 that it was God who revealed his Son to him, not Jesus who revealed himself.
Regarding Galatians 1:19, Doherty argues:

Quote:
Galatians 1:19 ("brother of the Lord")

But I did not see any of the other apostles, except James, the brother of the Lord.

Paul uses the term "brother" a total of about 30 times, and the plural form "brothers" or "brethren" (as some translations render it) several more dozens of times. A minority are in the context of ethical teaching, Paul admonishing his audience about how to treat one's "brother." In most of these (if not all), the term means a fellow believer, not a blood sibling. In all of the other cases—leaving aside the passage under consideration here—the term clearly refers to a Christian believer, usually in the sense of one who is doing some kind of apostolic or congregational work (Timothy, Apollos, Sosthenes, Tychicus, Epaphroditus, etc.). In not a single instance can the term be identified as meaning "sibling."
It thus becomes a source of amazement to encounter those who claim that Galatians 1:19 is "obviously" a reference to James' sibling relationship to Jesus. When we compare the phrase with Philippians 1:14, "brothers/brethren in the Lord (adelphôn en kuriô)" which clearly refers to a brotherhood of believers, this is a strong indicator of what the almost identical phrase applied to James signifies. He, too, is a 'brother in/of the Lord.'
The fact that Paul nowhere else applies this full phrase to other specific individuals is hardly a compelling argument against such an interpretation. James, as head of the Jerusalem brotherhood, may have been granted this designation as a special 'title.' We should also note that the phrase's formality seems out of place; if Paul were talking about a personal sibling relationship, "the brother of Jesus" might have been more apt, rather than "of the Lord."

The appearance of the phrase "the brothers of the Lord" in 1 Corinthians 9:5 can further refine the picture. While the term "brother" by itself in general parlance, to judge by Paul's use of it, seems to be applied to all manner of apostles and believers, the phrase "brothers in/of the Lord" may designate a certain sectarian group or organization, one located in Jerusalem. This is suggested by the mention of the "more than 500 brothers" listed among those who had a vision of the spiritual Christ (1 Cor. 15:6). They have been differentiated from Peter, James and "all the apostles," indicating that the latter may be a sub-group within the overall brotherhood. Similarly, in 1 Corinthians 9:5, the "other apostles" and even Peter are differentiated from "the brothers of the Lord," which would suggest that the latter group are not simply 'believers' since such a term would surely include Peter and the apostles, as it would include Peter, James and the apostles separately listed in 1 Corinthians 15. Thus, "brothers in/of the Lord" seems to designate an organized body, even if it may have been one with a fluid membership. (These apparent anomalies in both 1 Corinthians passages should caution us against trying to make too fixed an interpretation based on Paul's words, or at least the words that have ended up in our extant copies.)

It has also been noted that the epistles ascribed to both James and Jude conspicuously lack any mention of either of these figures being brothers of Jesus. For a full discussion of these and other points in this question, see my Response to Sean in Reader Feedback 3.

I also consider it a distinct possibility that this phrase began as a marginal gloss which was later inserted into the text. While there is nothing to indicate one way or another, it is the sort of wording that a scribe might have placed in the margin to clarify which James Paul was referring to. Such a 'clarification' would have been needed during the second century, after "James, the son of Zebedee" became known as one of the Gospel apostles of Jesus, and James the Just had come to be regarded as Jesus' brother. A distinction might have been felt necessary in order to avoid confusion on the part of the reader.

As a corollary, we also need to be cautious in relying too much on analyses that depend on the exact wording of our surviving text. Whole arguments in the case of "the brother of the Lord" have hinged on the word "the" or the preposition "of" as opposed to the "in" of Philippians 1:14. Considering that our earliest portion of Galatians in an extant manuscript comes from the third century, and in complete form only in the fourth, and that all sorts of scribal amendments were made, intentionally and unintentionally, to the New Testament texts, reliance on knowing the original wording of any passage is extremely unwise.

Which part of the argument, specifically, is weak?

Like I suggested, why doesn't Gakusei simply start a thread concerning the weaknesses of Doherty's thesis or the Jesus myth Theory?
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Old 03-03-2004, 06:40 AM   #76
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Gregg,

Does Paul ever refer to anyone else, like Peter, as "brother of the Lord"? I know his "global default" reference is 'brother', calling attention to 'the brotherhood', but does he ever say "_____ , brother of the Lord" about anyone else? I don't think he did, and that argues in favor of some special appelation, unique to James.
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Old 03-03-2004, 07:04 AM   #77
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Originally posted by capnkirk
Does Paul ever refer to anyone else, like Peter, as "brother of the Lord"? I know his "global default" reference is 'brother', calling attention to 'the brotherhood', but does he ever say "_____ , brother of the Lord" about anyone else? I don't think he did, and that argues in favor of some special appelation, unique to James.
Unfortunately, a "special appelation", a marginal gloss or an alteration of the article before "brother" would produce the same unique reference.

I still contend that the strongest reason to doubt this as a genuine reference by Paul to James as the literal brother of Jesus is because that seems utterly contrary to his stated theology. If he believed the living Jesus had a brother, he wouldn't use a title referring to the Risen Christ to mention it.
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Old 03-03-2004, 07:27 AM   #78
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Originally posted by Amaleq13
I still contend that the strongest reason to doubt this as a genuine reference by Paul to James as the literal brother of Jesus is because that seems utterly contrary to his stated theology.
Show me where Paul, on other occasions, said this about anyone else...and I'll concede the point.

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If he believed the living Jesus had a brother, he wouldn't use a title referring to the Risen Christ to mention it.
Why not? Catholics all over the world refer to Mary as "the Mother of our Lord, Jesus Christ", and they certainly believe that she was human and literally the mother of a divinity.
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Old 03-03-2004, 07:55 AM   #79
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Originally posted by capnkirk
Show me where Paul, on other occasions, said this about anyone else...and I'll concede the point.
Said what? That somebody was the brother of the Lord? As I suggested, if this was a special title, we wouldn't expect it to be applied to anyone else. As I also suggested, changing the article (from "a" to "the") or the entire phrase as a marginal gloss would also result in a singular example.

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Why not? Catholics all over the world refer to Mary as "the Mother of our Lord, Jesus Christ", and they certainly believe that she was human and literally the mother of a divinity.
They say that today repeatedly as well as repeatedly referring to the Gospel stories. This is quite unlike the situation with Paul. Also, when did Catholics start saying such things?

Even within the context of your views it makes no sense for Paul to suddenly decide to highlight exactly what he has otherwise entirely avoided (i.e. the TJC-HJ connection). When he feels compelled to refer to their "high reputation" he immediately follows it with a disclaimer. Shouldn't we expect at least that much if he felt compelled to state, for no apparent reason, the sibling relationship with the leader of his rivals? Sorry, but that dog won't hunt. There is no good reason for Paul to add such a claim and good reason to expect him to offer some counter if he did.
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Old 03-03-2004, 09:19 AM   #80
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Originally posted by Jacob Aliet
Its amazing that you state that Doherty's case is cumulative yet are satisfied to use one passage to challenge his arguments.
Hey Jake...I'm on your side! I was only conceding to GakDon that Doherty might have gone just a tiny bit too far in arguing that "Lord" in Galatians meant God and not Jesus. But from what you say below
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It is simplistic to attempt to challenge Doherty's arguments regarding Paul's usage of the word "Lord" using one passage alone. Doherty's argument is built on several Pauline epistles including the OT.
I may have conceded too soon.
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