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Old 01-17-2008, 12:49 PM   #241
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In for a penny...

Remember the ideas of co-evolution and arms races and interactions and gestalt.

Introducing Plato and real suns!

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One of the most perplexing aspects of the Mithraic mysteries consists in the fact that Mithraic iconography always portrays Mithras and the sun god as separate beings, while-- in stark contradiction to this absolutely consistent iconographical distinction between Mithras and the sun-- in Mithraic inscriptions Mithras is often identified with the sun by being called "sol invictus," the "unconquered sun." It thus appears that the Mithraists somehow believed in the existence of two suns: one represented by the figure of the sun god, and the other by Mithras himself as the "unconquered sun." It is thus of great interest to note that the Mithraists were not alone in believing in the existence of two suns, for we find in Platonic circles the concept of the existence of two suns, one being the normal astronomical sun and the other a so-called "hypercosmic" sun located beyond the sphere of the fixed stars.
http://www.well.com/~davidu/hypercosmic.html

The Greek and Roman and Persian world was extremely messy with a little bit of this and a little bit of that!
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Old 01-17-2008, 01:12 PM   #242
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Originally Posted by jjramsey View Post
Wait a minute. This is a fuller quote from Occidental Mythology (should be on page 26 or 27, depending on the printing):
Quote:
For have we not already seen the serpent Zeus Meilichios? And was it not in such a form that Zeus had intercourse with his daughter Persephone when the earth-goddess Demeter, of whom she had been born, left her in a cave in Crete, guarded by the two serpents normally harnessed to her chariot?

The reader recalls, perhaps, the Orphic legend cited in Primitive Mythology, of how, while the maiden goddess sat there peacefully weaving a mantle of wool on which there was to be a representation of the universe, her mother contrived that Zeus should learn of her presence; he approached her in the form of an immense snake. And the virgin conceived the ever-dying, ever-living god of bread and wine, Dionysus, who was born and nurtured in that cave, torn to death as a babe and resurrected.
Campbell is referring to Persephone, not Semele. Interestingly enough, Freke and Gandy make the same error. In fact, I came across this very quote because I did a review of the latter's work.
I don't own this book and so I don't know the rest of the passage. Going by your quote, it seems to me that the two paragraphs are referring to two different goddesses. Campbell says, "The reader recalls, perhaps, the Orphic legend..." by which he is referring to something separate but related to the first paragraph(ie he is comparing two myths).

How do other people read this?
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Old 01-17-2008, 01:27 PM   #243
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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
I've been reading other threads here. It seems that the work of practically every writer, no matter how credentialed or skilled, will be found to be "junk" or "poor scholarship."
Yes and no. I'm sure you've heard of the term "vocal minority." Like all other loosely-moderated message boards (and despite your cries to the contrary, this board is indeed moderated very loosely), disparaging opinions pop up like fireflies. I suggest you pay closer attention to the momentum of the board in general. More importantly, I encourage you to judge posters based on their posts, not on the posts of their peers--IE, don't lump a highly variable community into a single stereotype.

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I may be deemed "overambitious" in dealing with such a massive amount of material and such an important task, but that does not make me a "poor scholar" worthy of disparagement, disrespect and contempt.
You're right; it doesn't. But that's what you will reap, and I suggest you develop new strategies to deal with that criticism.

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In any event, where serious factual error can be shown - and even fairly minor errors such as substituting "bishop" for "presbyter" - I will continue to review and revise my work where necessary. In fact, I've had an errata page The Christ Conspiracy on at my website for for almost five years, and I've just added the relatively minor error about Tertullian's position - an apparent error of Joseph Wheless's, not mine.
It's good that you seem to be interested in correcting errors, but conversely troubling that you'd apparently prefer to offload the blame to others. Whenever you publish a book, you're bound to make mistakes. My father had the same problem when he published a book on William Riley McKeen and the Pennsylvania Railroad a couple years ago. Granted, he didn't face the same sort of vitriolic opposition that you have (his was not nearly so controversial a subject), but he was genuinely embarrassed at his misstatements, and in homage to the truth has publicized them at his own initiative. I highly suggest you take the same approach: instead of rebelling against criticism, seek it out eagerly, and correct whatever errors you discover.

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Since I like to give my sources the benefit of the doubt and not merely to vituperatively dismiss them as being in error, I would need to check into why Joseph Wheless made that substitution, especially since in my opinion he has proved himself a trustworthy source.

I would suggest neither approach. Know who you're drawing from, and what are their credentials. If the subject is controversial (as this one certainly is!), look for corroboration. A simple Google search would have flagged Wheless as suspicious.

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In any event, per the dictionary definition of both terms, this mistake is not the end of the world.
No, it's not, which is why I'm so curious about your refusal to admit responsibility for the error.

Personally, I've never read your work. I have no reason to do so, as it fails to interest me. Yet I do see your persona here on the boards, and that does disturb me somewhat. I suggest you try not to let the comments of a few uneducated puppets rile you.

EDIT: It does concern me to hear, though, that you need consult an English dictionary about the Greek terms "presbyter" and "bishop." One means "old age" and the other "principal office"--and although I did check online to be sure, those definitions were from memory. That sort of thing is damaging to your credibility. Why should I trust your judgment when your knowledge base seems to be lacking so?
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Old 01-17-2008, 01:28 PM   #244
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Originally Posted by MarmINFP View Post
I picked up a book at a book sale recently. Its 'Secret Origins of the Bible (or via: amazon.co.uk)' by Tim Callahan. I don't know anything about the author and I've only skimmed it, but it seemed related to this thread. Its an analysis of the Bible according to comparative mythology and it was published only 6 years ago. I didn't see any references to Acharya or Campbell, but in the bibliography I noticed Budge, Pagels, and G.A. Wells. . . .
Tim Callahan is the religion specialist for the Skeptics Society. As far as I know, he has no relevant degrees, but is widely read, and tries to be accurate. I think he should be read as an informed journalist. The Secret Origins has been criticized for a lack of footnotes.

Callahan does think that there was a historical Jesus, overlaid with a lot of mythmaking.
Thanks. Footnotes are always helpful.

I like the subject of the book especially that he focuses so much on the Old Testament. Does anyone know of a more credentialed writer who has written about the Bible in terms of comparative mythology without a specific emphasis on astrotheology?
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Old 01-17-2008, 01:33 PM   #245
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Greetings Acharya S,

Thanks for your reply, and welcome to IIDB :-)


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Thank you for the close reading and for demonstrating my accuracy.
Actually, I pointed out one case where you fairly accurately quoted a tertiary source.
But I did not say you or your work were accurate. I argued essentially the opposite.

You have mis-represented me.


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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
If Taylor were translating directly from Julian's writings, would that fact not make him a secondary source?
But Taylor wasn't translating directly from Julian's writings. He was translating from the Greek fragments of Cyril, who quoted Julian. Which makes Taylor a tertiary source.


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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
I've been reading other threads here. It seems that the work of practically every writer, no matter how credentialed or skilled, will be found to be "junk" or "poor scholarship."
False.
Many authors are received here with respect as you can easily check. But authors who mis-represent their sources receive short shrift.


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
You yourself dismiss an entire body of work as "poor scholarship" and then give a minor example of updating an antiquated word (ye => you) and a misplaced comma, both of which may have been mere typos.
I dismissed the "ye" and the comma as completely un-important.

I did, however, mention a minor issue about the addition of the word "Christian" to the quote. (This word is not found in the original, and Julian is known specifically for NOT using this word. OTH, this could be explained as merely a choice of the translator to be more wordy.)

Your quote mis-represents the earliest source by adding a word that is not present.
Now, you conspicuously avoid even addressing this issue of the added word "Christian" - why is that?


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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
(The first, indeed, may have been done automatically by my word processor program.) Despite your derogatory dismissal, you then pronounce my work to be reasonably accurate.
False.
I pronounced your quote of a tertiary source as reasonably accurate. But I pronounced your work overall as poor scholarship. You have mis-represented my words.


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
To dismiss an entire body of work, including an overall premise that has hardly been debunked, based on a few triflings is absurd and unrealistic.
I see you conspicuously avoid addressing your enormous error about Pope Leo X. That is not a trifle - it is a glaring error that no scholar would make.

It shows you did not spend any time checking and researching this quote - you simply accepted it from Walker. 1/2 hour of research would have confirmed this quote was spurious. You simply did not check the facts, and repeated a glaring falsehood.

This error is one of the most obvious and well-known in this field. Almost as bad as claiming the Council of Nicea chose the books of the bible, or voted Christ divine.

Please respond to this issue.


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
Please show me ONE text of any length that is 100% error-free. No, not "even" the Bible - especially not the Bible. Any of your own? Where are your books? Please submit them to this august body of critics for "review" (death by nitpicking). Would you have a problem with that? Perhaps they would treat you with kid gloves? Or are you really that confident that they would not rip your work to shreds, as they have done with just about everyone else's, being no respecter of persons? There's an old adage about critics...and opinions.
I have published no books. My posts here have been nit-picked thoroughly, and errors are pointed out. Your work will receive the same treatment.


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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
If you have other issues - and are bringing them up politely without vitriolic and hyperbolic statements ...
Vitriolic? Surely you jest.


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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
such as that my entire book constitutes "poor scholarship" - then I am open to hearing them.
You weren't open to the issue of your glaring error about Pope Leo X - will you address this error here please ?

You weren't open to the issue of relying heavily on un-reliable 19th C. writers - will you address that issue here please ?

I plan to bring up more of your errors - I look forward to hearing your response.


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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
Updating antiquated words and misplacing commas - if that's what I did - could be considered typos, of which there certainly are too many for my liking,
Once again, you are mis-representing my words. I dismissed the "ye" and comma as irrelevent.

But I then addressed other issues as relevent :
* the addition of the word "Christian" (a minor issue)
* the glaring error of Pope Leo X "quote" (a huge issue)
* your failure to accurately give source book/section/chapter
* your reliance on un-reliable 19th C. writers
* few cites to modern mainstream writers.

You conspicuously FAILED to address these relevent issues. You simply focussed on minor issues I had already dismissed as un-important, as if they formed the core of my argument.


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
but these are not substantial or egregious errors for which my character needs to be assassinated as a "poor scholar."
The Pope Leo X error is huge. It's one of the biggest mistakes you can make in this area. Will you be addressing this error and fixing your web-site?

I did not address your character, and certainly did not assassinate it. I judged you a "poor scholar" based on my analysis of your work, and I provided examples of your errors here. You ignored the bulk of my arguments.

Your attitude and behaviour here is the antithesis of good scholarship.


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
I may be deemed "overambitious" in dealing with such a massive amount of material and such an important task, but that does not make me a "poor scholar" worthy of disparagement, disrespect and contempt.
Indeed.
What makes you a poor scholar is :
* un-critical use of secondary and tertiary sources
* failure to check your claims
* use of out-dated works
* lack of attention to detail


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Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
Those who believe in an invisible Jewish man floating omnipresently about in the sky who resides inside your head and can read your every thought may not like my ideas,
Do you think that those of us who argue with you,
"believe in an invisible Jewish man floating omnipresently about in the sky who resides inside your head and can read your every thought " ?

I believe no such thing.
In fact, I support the JM theory.


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
In any event, where serious factual error can be shown
Such as your serious factual error about Pope Leo X ?


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
- and even fairly minor errors such as substituting "bishop" for "presbyter" - I will continue to review and revise my work where necessary.
Fantastic.
Let us know when you have removed your glaring error about Pope Leo X from your web-site.


Quote:
Originally Posted by Acharya S View Post
Since I like to give my sources the benefit of the doubt
What nonsense. No serious scholar would write this.
Sources must be checked. Scholars know that, scholars do that.

You don't.
You accept anything your read, IF it supports your theory.
But you don't actually CHECK to see if your sources are correct !
Then you get caught in glaring errors such as Pope Leo X, and refuse to even admit it.

Tell us Acharya S -
Do you still stand by your claim that Pope Leo X made that statement about the "fable of Christ" ?


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Old 01-17-2008, 01:55 PM   #246
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One issue I have with connecting the observation of atsronomical cycles with early histories is that those early histories may be "imagined" based on extrapolation of those cycles into the past.

Case in point is Mayan astrology/astronomy, which can be seen to evolve over time, but was used by the Mayans to extrapolate a history far earlier than archeology supports.

It isn't exactly a sticking point, just a precaution.
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Old 01-17-2008, 02:00 PM   #247
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Originally Posted by MarmINFP View Post
It seems that he has come to the conclusion of sun worship in Judaism and Christianity independent of both Acharya and Campbell. This isn't surprising though because various other scholars have theorized about this.

In this book, the author also argues against most of the evidence given for Jesus historicity. This is also in line with Acharya.
But, is sun worship synonymous with "astrotheology"? Seeing the sun in its own right as a god, and using the movement of the heavens as the basis of myths seem to me to be two different things. That is, astrotheology may incorporate sun worship, but I'm not sure that sun worship necessarily means astrotheology.
I guess we simply disagree on definitions. The Sun is included in all ancient astrologies and is used as a symbol throughout all ancient religions. Hence, sun worship is one aspect of astrotheology. In fact, the sun is the most central feature of astrotheology.

Quote:
What we need is the earliest example of astrotheology, then we can take it from there.
Sure. I'll try to figure out what some examples might be. However, it seems no one in this thread is arguing against the theory that astrotheology and sun worship can be found in Jewish writing because its accepted that Judaism has elements borrowed from many cultures including ones that had a strong astrological bent. On the other hand, many here are against the idea of Christianity being based on these same elements from Judaism all the while claiming Christianity entirely came from Judaism. Or is it acceptable that Christianity is(at least partially) astrotheological as long as we deny the influence of the astrotheological elements of the culture that Christianity arose in?

The arguments keeps switching around. I can't keep track of what the actual criticisms are. The only clear criticism so far seems to be about Tertullian and therefore a criticism about validity of any of Acharya's evidence.
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Old 01-17-2008, 02:01 PM   #248
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Originally Posted by jjramsey View Post
Wait a minute. This is a fuller quote from Occidental Mythology (should be on page 26 or 27, depending on the printing):
Quote:
For have we not already seen the serpent Zeus Meilichios? And was it not in such a form that Zeus had intercourse with his daughter Persephone when the earth-goddess Demeter, of whom she had been born, left her in a cave in Crete, guarded by the two serpents normally harnessed to her chariot?

The reader recalls, perhaps, the Orphic legend cited in Primitive Mythology, of how, while the maiden goddess sat there peacefully weaving a mantle of wool on which there was to be a representation of the universe, her mother contrived that Zeus should learn of her presence; he approached her in the form of an immense snake. And the virgin conceived the ever-dying, ever-living god of bread and wine, Dionysus, who was born and nurtured in that cave, torn to death as a babe and resurrected.
Campbell is referring to Persephone, not Semele. Interestingly enough, Freke and Gandy make the same error. In fact, I came across this very quote because I did a review of the latter's work.
I don't own this book and so I don't know the rest of the passage. Going by your quote, it seems to me that the two paragraphs are referring to two different goddesses. Campbell says, "The reader recalls, perhaps, the Orphic legend..." by which he is referring to something separate but related to the first paragraph(ie he is comparing two myths).

How do other people read this?
The paragraphs are referring to the same event. Zeus Meilichios is Zeus in the form of a snake. From Encyclopedia Mythica's entry on Dionysus:
Quote:
According to one myth, Dionysus is the son of the god Zeus and the mortal woman, Semele (daughter of Cadmus of Thebes). Semele is killed by Zeus' lightning bolts while Dionysus is still in her womb. Dionysus is rescued and undergoes a second birth from Zeus after developing in his thigh. Zeus then gives the infant to some nymphs to be raised. In another version, one with more explicit religious overtones, Dionysus, also referred to as Zagreus in this account, is the son of Zeus and Persephone, Queen of the Underworld. Hera gets the Titans to lure the infant with toys, and then they rip him to shreds eating everything but Zagreus' heart, which is saved by either Athena, Rhea, or Demeter. Zeus remakes his son from the heart and implants him in Semele who bears a new Dionysus Zagreus. Hence, as in the earlier account, Dionysus is called "twice born." The latter account formed a part of the Orphic religion's religious mythology.
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Old 01-17-2008, 02:06 PM   #249
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Originally Posted by Casper View Post
One issue I have with connecting the observation of atsronomical cycles with early histories is that those early histories may be "imagined" based on extrapolation of those cycles into the past.

Case in point is Mayan astrology/astronomy, which can be seen to evolve over time, but was used by the Mayans to extrapolate a history far earlier than archeology supports.

It isn't exactly a sticking point, just a precaution.
Could you clarify? I'm not sure I quite understand. Even if "imagined" by the ancients, isn't that what mythology is about? In what way should we be any more cautious about this than any other aspect of mythology? Even without astrotheology, weren't most ancient histories largely imagined?
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Old 01-17-2008, 02:08 PM   #250
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Originally Posted by youngalexander View Post
Whilst trouping about Bavaria in 06 I discovered that Sol Invictus was alive and well and 'beaming' in the many splendid baroque churches in that fair land.
You should try Vienna too one day:

This is from the side of the Stephansdom!

Gerard Stafleu
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